青藏高原草地退化/恢复对水源涵养服务的影响及机理研究

项目名称： 青藏高原草地退化/恢复对水源涵养服务的影响及机理研究

项目编号： No.41501117

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 肖桐

作者单位： 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 青藏高原是我国重要的生态屏障区，水源涵养服务是其众多生态屏障功能中的核心服务，对水源涵养服务影响因素和作用机理的研究是保障国家生态安全的需要。国家在该区实施了一系列的生态规划、保护与建设项目，对相关科学命题的研究提出了迫切需求。目前，定量揭示草地生态系统水源涵养服务、评估工程措施成效、厘定气候与工程建设贡献等方面的研究仍难以满足现实需要。.本研究以揭示草地退化/恢复对草地生态系统水源涵养服务的影响机理为主线，选择西藏那曲地区和青海玉树地区为研究区，基于对文献资料的知识挖掘，定量描述水源涵养服务的影响因素，构建草地生态系统水源涵养服务评估模型；在样点与观测数据的支撑下，分析草地退化/恢复对水源涵养服务的作用机理，并采用遥感手段，模拟区域草地生态系统水源涵养服务时空演化格局；在耦合气候变化与生态建设工程的未来情景下，通过多情景模拟与比较，厘定气候变化与生态建设工程对水源涵养服务的贡献。

中文关键词： 草地生态系统；遥感监测；模型模拟；水源涵养服务；情景分析

英文摘要： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is an important ecological barrier region in China. Water conservation service is the core service in many ecological barrier functions. The research on influence factors and mechanisms of water conservation service is required by China government to guarantee the national ecological security. Plenty of Government Programs, ecological conservation measures, and ecological conservation projects had been put into effect in this region. So, it demands to study relevant scientific proposition urgently. So far, how to reveal the water conservation service of grassland ecosystem quantitatively, how to evaluate the effect of project measures, how to recognize the contribution between climate change and ecological projects, are still difficult to meet the needs of government..In our research, it is a main line to reveal the mechanisms between grassland degradation/restoration and water conservation service. Naqu and Yushu have been selected as study area. Based on the knowledge mining of literature, many influence factors of water conservation will be filtered, which can be used to build the grassland ecosystem evaluation model of water conservation. Under the support of observation data and sampling data, the mechanisms of grassland degradation/restoration and water conservation could be concluded. Within the remote sensing method, a spatial-temporal patterns can be simulated by the model to describe the evolution process of water conservation service. At last, scenario analysis technology will be used to recognize the contribution between climate change and ecological project. Also, a set of integrated scenario, which is coupling of climate change and ecological project, will be built before contribution recognization.

英文关键词： grassland ecosystems;remote sensing monitoring;model simulation;water conservation service;scenario analysis