基于角果多重分形分析的油菜氮素营养诊断建模

项目名称： 基于角果多重分形分析的油菜氮素营养诊断建模

项目编号： No.31501227

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 王访

作者单位： 湖南农业大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 作物信息科学的一个重要研究内容是如何利用作物的信息对其进行无损营养诊断，图像分析和光谱分析是解决上述问题的重要手段。终花期后，角果是油菜光合作用的主要器官，其颜色、纹理、形状的改变直接影响到营养素缺失情况。在氮素缺失下，油菜角果的图像、光谱能反映上述特征的变化，利用这两种信息对油菜进行营养诊断是一个行之有效的途径。然而，如何提取图像、光谱的有效特征是诊断建模的前提。多重分形理论是一个强大的数学工具，能有效揭露对象的自相似性和捕捉其细微的变化。项目以大田试验为手段，研究基于角果多重分形特征的油菜氮素营养诊断建模。首先，以角果的立体结构驱动三维多重分形方法的研究，提取其表皮的多重分形特征；然后，研究角果冠层光谱的多重分形特性，重点解决敏感波段和红边位置的确定问题；最后，以角果图像、光谱的多重分形特征建立普适性强的油菜氮素营养无损诊断模型。为借助现代技术辅助传统农田作业的研究提供一个新的思路。

中文关键词： 油菜角果；三维图像；光谱分析；氮营养诊断；多重分形

英文摘要： One of the important topics in crop information science is how to make use of the crop’s information for non-destructive nutrient diagnosis, which can be solved by image analysis and spectrum analysis. After flowering period, the pod has become the main organ for rapeseed photosynthesis, the changes of whose color, texture and shape will influence rapeseed’s nutritional status directly. In the absence of nitrogen nutrition, variation of the above characteristics can be represented by the image and spectrum of rapeseed’s pod effectively. Therefore, it’s the correct and effective way for nitrogen nutrition diagnosis by using the two kinds of information. However, a premise point of the diagnosis model is how to extract the features of the image and spectrum accurately. As a powerful mathematic tool, multifractal theory is able to uncover the self-similar and to portray subtle changes of the real-world object. In this project, by means of field experiments, we carry out our research on modeling for rapeseed nitrogen nutrition diagnostic by using pod’s multifractal analysis. Firstly, three- dimensional multifractal methods will be proposed in accordance with the spatial structure of the pods. And then, we are going to study pod spectrum features by multifractal methods and focus on determining sensitive wave bands and red edge position of the spectrum. Finally, by using the multifractal features of the pods image and spectrum, a universal non-destructive model will be proposed for rapeseed nitrogen nutrition diagnostic. It provides a new idea to research of the traditional farm work by means of modern technology.

英文关键词： Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) pod;3D image;spectrum analysis;nitrogen nutrition diagnosis;multifractal