项目名称: 大环低聚吡咯锕系配合物结构设计和反应性质的相对论量子理论研究
项目编号: No.21273063
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 潘清江
作者单位: 黑龙江大学
项目金额: 80万元
中文摘要: 易于在自然环境中迁移、扩散的高放射性和剧毒性锕系元素已引发了系列环境问题。复杂的电子结构和显著的相对论效应以及生成配合物的配位数目高、结构多样化,使得锕系配合物理论研究极具挑战性。本项目中,我们将采用拟合辅助基组、构造优化基函数等方法提高计算效率、改进电子相关方法,引入形式简单、精确度高的全电子四分量相对论效应,建立一套适用于大分子锕系配合物计算的方法。设计大环低聚吡咯配体,计算生成的锕系元素(U、Np、Pu等)配合物的结构、光谱性质及其形成、水解、氧化还原等反应机制,寻找对高放射性、剧毒性锕系元素具有高选择性(即高去污性)的配体。合成锕系配合物,并采用实验技术进行结构和性质表征。通过理论和实验相结合,揭示锕系配合物的电子结构本质、成键规律和化学反应特性,为锕系配合物的基础研究、环境污染治理以及核燃料纯化、乏燃料后处理和核废料长期安全处置提供参考。
中文关键词: 锕系配合物;低聚吡咯和吡啶大环;相对论电子相关方法;电子结构;形成反应机制
英文摘要: Due to its high mobility and transportation, the actinide element with the high radioactivity and toxicity has seriously contaminated environment. The actinide element has complicated electronic structures and significant relativistic effects, and its formed complexes usually display high coordination number and diverse structures. All of these have presented significant challenge for experiments and theory. In the grant, we will develop and modify the electron correlation method and promote its calculation efficiency by fitting electron density with the auxiliary basis sets and using a new approach to generate atomic basis functions. Associated with the all-electron four-component relativistic effects, a theoretical methodology will be generated, which is suitable for calculating macromolecular actinide complexes. Oligopyrrolic macrocycles and its actinide complexes (U, Np, and Pu) are theoretically engineered. Their structures, spectroscopic properties and chemical reactions such as formation, hydrolysis and redox are explored, aiming at seeking the oligopyrrolic macrocycles that are highly selective to complexate irradiated radionuclides of actinide elements. Accordingly, we will synthesize the actinide complexes and characterize them with the experimental technology. The combined experimental and theoretical
英文关键词: Actinide complexes;N-donor macrocycles;Relativistic electron correlation method;Electronic structures;Mechanism of formation reaction