黄河中下游湿地土壤亚铁厌氧氧化效应及动力学

项目名称： 黄河中下游湿地土壤亚铁厌氧氧化效应及动力学

项目编号： No.U1504402

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 王旭刚

作者单位： 河南科技大学

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 土壤中亚铁厌氧氧化是铁的地球生物化学循环中的重要环节，具有重要的地学和环境学意义。针对黄河中下游湿地环境恶化和CO2等温室气体排放问题及湿地土壤广泛存亚铁和亚铁厌氧氧化微生物，结合国际上相关研究热点及科学问题，本申请以中性偏碱、高碳酸钙含量的黄河中下游湿地土壤为研究对象，研究土壤中的亚铁厌氧氧化效应及动力学特征，阐明硝酸盐还原型亚铁氧化和光合型亚铁氧化过程的相对贡献和协作机制；研究不同体系条件及共存底物对亚铁厌氧氧化的影响，阐明湿地土壤亚铁氧化的主控因素；研究亚铁厌氧氧化过程对湿地土壤中碳转化的影响机制，研究培养体系中亚铁厌氧氧化微生物分类及其对亚铁厌氧氧化过程的作用机制，明确高碳酸钙含量土壤亚铁氧化的关键微生物和菌群关键环境因子；预期成果可为深入探索铁/碳循环相互作用机制提供科学依据，为调控湿地土壤铁的氧化还原过程减少温室气体排放、改善湿地生态环境提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 土壤铁循环；土壤碳循环；温室气体；耦合机制；铁循环细菌

英文摘要： Anaerobic Fe(II) oxidation is an important bio-geochemistry process in soils, which exerts a strong influence on nutrient release, bio-geochemical transformation of elements, and environmental bioremediation, by taking part in elements cycling. The reduction/oxidation of even a minor amount of iron in iron-bearing minerals could significantly influence the inorganic and organic geochemistry of the wetland soil system. .Considering environmental degradation, CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions of wetlands in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow/ River, and the wetland soil widely deposit Fe (II) and anaerobic Fe(II) oxidizers, combined with international research hotspots and scientific issues in the soil bio-geochemistry, study the anaerobic Fe(II) oxidation effects and kinetic characteristics of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River wetland soil, to fully understand the relationship between microbial iron cycle conversion and soil development; study affecting mechanism of anaerobic Fe (II) oxidation on carbon transformation coupled in wetland soil of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, discuss the relationship between the anaerobic oxidation of Fe (II) and greenhouse gas emission reduction, for regulating soil iron redox process to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve the ecological environment of the wetlands, and, for better understanding the anaerobic iron cycling pathway and mechanism, the dominant anaerobic Fe(II) oxidizing microorganism in the anaerobic slurry incubation will be isolated, purified and identified.

英文关键词： soil iron cycle;Soil carbon cycle;Greenhouse gas;Coupling mechanism;Iron cycling bacteria