近自由表面仿生翼三维非定常流动控制和减阻机理的实验研究

项目名称： 近自由表面仿生翼三维非定常流动控制和减阻机理的实验研究

项目编号： No.11472169

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 代钦

作者单位： 上海大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 鹈鹕擅长利用地面效应做掠水面觅食飞行，它将翼尖羽毛张开，起到对翼尖涡的主动控制作用，以适应飞行姿态、高度、速度等因素的变化，实现增升减阻和保持飞行稳定性。鹈鹕翼面流场受波浪非定常扰动，力学特性与在自由空间飞行时区别明显，翼尖羽毛的几何控制姿态也完全不同，目前对其流动控制机理尚缺乏了解。为此，本项目拟在风浪槽中采用装有仿生翼尖的机翼模拟鹈鹕翼的飞行状态，针对近自由表面波动干扰下翼尖仿生装置如何实现增升减阻和改善飞行稳定性这一问题，以Tomo-PIV(层析PIV)技术测量翼尖三维速度场及演化，结合气动参量的测量，通过探讨翼尖三维非定常流动特性与气动载荷之间的关联性以及流场结构与自由表面相互作用关系，揭示不同姿态翼尖仿生装置的流动控制机理，阐明气液耦合条件下仿生翼增升减阻的内在物理根源，发现新的力学现象和力学机制，因此本项目具有重要的基础研究价值和科学意义，并对地效飞行器的优化设计有借鉴作用。

中文关键词： 仿生翼；自由表面；流动控制；减阻机理；非定常流动

英文摘要： Pelicans are good at flying in ground effect above water surface for foraging,they open the primary feathers at the wing tips to control the tip vortices,in order to adapt the variation of flying height and speed. In this way, they can achieve lift enhancement,drag reduction and keep flying stability. The flow field around pelican is disturbed by unsteady water wave, the physical characteristics are different from that of flying in free space, the geometric profile of the primary feathers are also different,the mechanism of the flow control of the primary feathers is unknown up to now.Inspired by this phenomena,we propose to conduct an experimental simulation of a bionic wing in ground effect in a wind-wave tunnel.In order to solve the problem of the drag reduction and keep flying stability,a Tomographic-PIV system is used to capture the 3D flow structure around the wing tip,and the aerodynamic parameters such as lift/drag forces and pressure distribution on the wing are measured as well, so as to inveatigate the relativey between flow structure of bionic wing tips and aerodynamic loads of the wing.By comparison and analysing, we will try to reveal the mechanism of the flow control of the bionic wing in different geometric profiles,and illustrate the physical principle of the drag reduction and lift enhancement of the bionic wing at the condition of the gas-wave coupling.Due to the speciel experimental condition in this project,new mechanical phenomena are expecting to be explored,therefore, this project is valuable to be implemented.As well, the results of is study will be use for reference to design of Wing in ground effect vehicle.

英文关键词： bionic wing;free surface;flow control;drag reduction;unsteady flow