基于有限元方法的沙棘果实振动采收机理研究

项目名称： 基于有限元方法的沙棘果实振动采收机理研究

项目编号： No.31301242

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 傅隆生

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 为进行生态治理，我国在西部地区种植了大量的沙棘，但由于果实采收困难问题，经济价值远未得到开发而影响了种植积极性。针对沙棘采收设备的设计开发缺乏理论基础和科学依据的现状，本项目通过分析沙棘果实的生长特性和脱落特点，建立"果树-机械"和"果实-果柄"的收获系统动力学模型，引入拉格朗日动力学理论研究振动采收机理，从而确定影响果实与树枝分离效果的关键因素，进而结合共振原理提出振动采收系统的设计方法和设计要素；再利用有限元方法进行振动采收的仿真研究，结合实地试验，探索各参数对振动采收效果的影响及互作用关系，为模型修正和理论完善提供数据支持，并分析关键影响因素与相关果树物理指标的关系，以建立其数学模型，最终阐明沙棘果实的振动采收机理。本项目将为沙棘果实振动采收设备的设计和开发提供理论基础和科学依据，并可直接指导实际生产，提高采收效率，通过增加沙棘种植的经济效益，进一步改善我国日益恶化的生态环境。

中文关键词： 三维建模；加速度响应；有限元方法；谐响应分析；振动采收

英文摘要： Lots of sea buckthorn (SB) was planted in the western region of China for ecological environment management. However, its economic value is far from development because the SB fruit is very difficult to be harvest, and thus, the enthusiasm of farmer to plant SB is affect deeply. Therefore, it is necessary to develop mechanical device for harvesting SB fruit. Nevertheless, current researches on designing and developing harvester of SB fruit are short in theoretical foundation and scientific basis. Thereby, this project is aim to study the mechanism on vibration harvesting of SB fruit and the methodology for designing vibration harvester. Firstly, the growth characteristics of the sea buckthorn and its fruit will be analyzed and the way how SB fruit being separated from the branch will be studied, for establishing the tree-machine and fruit-stem dynamics models. Then, the Lagrange theory will be introduced to study the mechanism of vibration harvesting on SB fruit. In that case, the key factor that affecting separation efficiency between SB fruit and branch can be identified. After that, the design methodology and factors of vibration harvesting system will be proposed by combining with resonance principle. Next, the finite element method will be used for simulation research of vibration harvesting. It is not only

英文关键词： 3D model；acceleration response；finite element method；harmonic response analysis；vibration harvesting