中国南北方不同高度大气冰核数浓度及核化机制对比研究

项目名称： 中国南北方不同高度大气冰核数浓度及核化机制对比研究

项目编号： No.41505120

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 苏航

作者单位： 辽宁省生态气象和卫星遥感中心

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 目前中国对大气冰核的研究主要集中在北方地区，而对南方地区大气冰核的研究相对较少，对南北方地区大气冰核的对比研究就更为稀少。但南北方大气冰核的分布差异及属性差异，导致南北方人工增减雨作业有着明显的区别。本项目以黄山地区及沈阳地区大气冰核的梯度观测结果为代表，通过搭建国际先进的大气冰核观测仪器，并利用Bigg型混合云室和扩散云室，结合其它气象要素观测设备，对中国黄山及沈阳地区各自不同高度大气冰核数浓度随空间、时间、来源、粒径大小、总数浓度、活化温度、活化湿度、天气背景等的变化情况进行观测研究，并得出不同时空条件、不同粒子条件、不同核化条件、不同气象条件下大气冰核的核化机制。最后综合以上各方面观测研究结果，对中国南北方典型地区大气冰核的参数化方案分别拟合参数化公式，最终得出我国南北方地区大气冰核数浓度及核化机制的属性差异。从而对中国南北方地区不同的人工增减雨作业提供理论研究基础。

中文关键词： 冰核；云室；数浓度；核化机制；参数化

英文摘要： The researches on atmospheric ice nuclei are mainly concentrated in the northern regions of China currently, while the studies of atmospheric ice nuclei in the southern region of China are relatively few. And the comparative study of atmospheric ice nuclei between the south and north of China is even scarcer. But the differences of distribution and properties of atmospheric ice nuclei between the south and north of China lead to the distinction of artificial rainfall operation. The project is made observations as represented in atmospheric ice nuclei gradient observations of Huangshan and Shenyang, by building the international advanced atmospheric ice nuclei observation instruments, and using the Bigg type blend and diffusion cloud chamber, combined with other meteorological elements observation equipment. The different concentrations of atmospheric ice nuclei number concentration changing with different position, time, origin, size, total concentration, activation temperature, activation humidity, the weather background were observed on different heights of Huangshan and Shenyang in China. And the ratio of nuclear mechanism under different time and space conditions, under different nuclear particle conditions, under different atmospheric ice nuclei nuclear conditions, under different weather conditions are analyzed. Finally, based on the above observational results of studies on various aspects, the suitable atmospheric ice nuclei nucleation parameterization scheme of the south and north of China will be made, and the different nucleation mechanism and different attribute of atmospheric ice nuclei of the south and north of China will be known. Provide a theoretical basis for the study of changes in different artificial rain operations of the south and north of China.

英文关键词： Ice Nuclei;Cloud Chamber;Number Concentration;Nucleation Mechanism;Parameterization