空化空蚀对供水工程原水中病原微生物影响的研究

项目名称： 空化空蚀对供水工程原水中病原微生物影响的研究

项目编号： No.51479177

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 董志勇

作者单位： 浙江工业大学

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 研究意义：目前，在供水工程中采用常规的加氯消毒技术来杀灭原水中病原微生物，但氯在消毒的同时与水中有机化合物反应生成消毒副产品DBPs（三卤甲烷THMs、卤乙酸HAAs等），这些副产品具有三致（致癌、致畸、致突变）作用，严重威胁着人们的身体健康。此外，加氯消毒成本很高。因此，亟需一种既安全又经济的饮用水消毒新技术。 研究内容：本项目利用空化空蚀的特性杀灭水中病原微生物。在水力空化反应器中，试验研究多孔板的孔口形状、孔口数量、孔口大小和孔口排列，文丘里管的喉部长径比、扩散段扩散角，文丘里管与多孔板的组合效应，不同流速、空化数、病原微生物初始浓度、空化空蚀作用时间、自由基产量、紊动切应力、紊动强度等对空化空蚀杀灭水中病原微生物的影响，揭示空化空蚀杀灭水中病原微生物的作用机理。通过对多孔板式、文丘里式及其组合式水力空化反应器的比较，提出空化空蚀杀灭原水中病原微生物的适宜反应器型式。

中文关键词： 空化空蚀；病原微生物；高速水流；多股射流；杀灭机理

英文摘要： Currently,in water supply engineering,the conventional technique of disinfection by chlorination is employed to kill pathogenic microorganisms in raw water.However,chlorine reacts with organic compounds in water and generates disinfection byproducts(DBPs),such as trihalomethanes(THMs),haloacetic acids(HAAs) etc.These byproducts are of carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic effects,which seriously threaten human health.In addition,the cost of chlorination is very high.Therefore a novel technique of which is both safe and economic has been expected for dringking water disinfection. This proposal utilizes cavitation characteristics to kill pathogenic microorganisms in water.In hydrodynamic cavitation reactor,effects of orifice shape,orifice number,orifice size and orifice layout of multiorifice plate,throat length-diameter ratio and diffusion section angle of Venturi tube,combination between Venturi tube and multiorifice plate,different velocities,cavitation numbers,initial concentrations of pathogenic microorganisms,cavitation action times,free radical yields,thrbulent stresses and intensities on killing pathogenic microorganisms by cavitation will be investigated experimentally.The action mechanisms of killing pathogenic microorganisms by cavitation will be uncovered.A type of appropriate reactor to kill pathogenic microorganisms in raw water by cavitation will be proposed by comparison of multiorifice plate,Venturi tube and their combined types of hydrodynamic cavitation reactors.

英文关键词： Cavitation;Pathogenic microorganisms;High velocity flow;Multiple jets;Killing mechanisms