SiO2包覆荧光量子点的表面控制与表面功能化研究

项目名称： SiO2包覆荧光量子点的表面控制与表面功能化研究

项目编号： No.51302106

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 张爱玉

作者单位： 济南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 半导体量子点（QD）作为生物荧光标记材料有许多优点，可以很好地满足现代生物及医学发展的需求；但是QD在生物环境中表面会受到侵蚀，导致荧光淬灭和重金属离子释放。使用无毒且生物兼容的SiO2对QD进行包覆可以阻断QD表面与生物溶液的接触。但目前QD的SiO２包覆仍存在难题，缺乏成熟的理论。本项目拟采用改良的化学方法对QD进行SiO２包覆，并对包覆后的QD@SiO2纳米颗粒进行表面修饰和生物分子连接。针对SiO２包覆QD的两大难题- - QD表面的破坏带来的荧光性能下降，以及QD@SiO2表面带有的羟基导致的生物特异性差，重点研究包覆过程中QD的表面控制和包覆后SiO2表面的功能化。提出QD表面配体逐步取代和两亲聚合物封装等方案；揭示QD的SiO2包覆和表面修饰过程中的机理；获得高荧光效率、生物特异性的荧光标记物QD@SiO2并应用于病毒检测；成果将同时推进QD生物纳米材料的研究和实用进程。

中文关键词： 量子点；荧光；SiO2包覆；表面；生物荧光标记

英文摘要： As a kind of luminescent biological labelling materials, semiconductor quantum dots (QD) have a lot of advantages, which primely meet the requirement of the development of the modern bilogy and medicine. However, the surfaces of the QD can be corroded in the biological environment, resulting in the luminescent quenching and the releasing of the heavy metal ions. The surfaces of the QD can be isolated from the biological solution by coating a nontoxic and biologically compatible SiO2 shell. There still are problems in SiO2 coating, and no perfect theories. In the present project, we plan to prepare SiO2-coated QD through modified chemical methods, to do surface functionalization and biological conjugation to the obtained QD@SiO2 nanoparticles. In view of the two problems in the SiO2 coating of QD that are the luminescence degradation caused by the destroy of QD surfaces, and the low biological specificity resulting from the hydroxyl on the surfaces of QD@SiO2, the key points of the research are set as the surface controlling of the QD during the coating process and the surface fuctionalization of the SiO2 shell after coating. Two plans are proposed that are the stepwise replacing of the ligands on the QD surfaces, and the encapsulation by amphiphilic polymers. The mechanisms in the process of SiO2 coating and th

英文关键词： quantum dots；luminescence；SiO2 coating；surface；biological fluorescent labelling