核酸适配体功能化的磁性核壳纳米材料的制备及应用研究

项目名称： 核酸适配体功能化的磁性核壳纳米材料的制备及应用研究

项目编号： No.21275149

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘祥军

作者单位： 中国科学院化学研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 核酸适配体是一类新型的具有高亲和力和高特异性的识别分子，随着肿瘤细胞核酸适配体筛选及相关技术的发展，其在癌症诊断与治疗领域受到越来越多的关注。本项目以肿瘤标志物少、转移预警措施匮乏等问题为出发点，将核酸适配体优异的分子识别能力与磁性纳米材料易于磁场分离的优点结合，开展基于核酸适配体的肿瘤标志物鉴别、循环肿瘤细胞的分离富集等工作。针对材料非特异性吸附和核酸适配体在材料表面固定化密度低等难点问题，从基础材料的制备出发，设计合成表面富含羧基的磁性核壳纳米材料、磁-金核壳纳米材料和空心磁性核壳纳米材料，实现粒径与壳层的可控制备，优化核酸适配体在材料表面的固定化条件，利用核酸适配体与肿瘤细胞的高亲和力和高特异性，建立靶蛋白、循环肿瘤细胞的分离富集与检测方法。结合核酸适配体的靶向性和空心纳米材料的载药性，发展药物靶向输送和肿瘤靶向治疗的方法，推动核酸适配体在癌症诊断和治疗方面的应用。

中文关键词： 核酸适配体；微球；磁性核壳材料；靶蛋白；G-四链体

英文摘要： Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids with high affinity and specificity for their targets. Recently, aptamers against tumor cells have attracted extensive attention in the cancer diagnosis and therapy. The lack of tumor markers and effective metastatic precautions greatly limit the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Because of the high affinity and specificity of aptamers for tumor cells, their target protein may be the special marker of the tumor cells. The circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a key role in the cancer metastasis. In this project, we plan to develop methods for selective separation and enrichment of the target proteins and target cells in the peripheral blood by using aptamer immobilized materials. Firstly, magnetic nanoparticles with different size will be prepared and used as the matrix, which will be coated with different shells for aptamer immobilization. The shells with carboxyl groups will be prepared using RAFT or ATRP polymerization; and gold nanoshells will be prepared using an in-situ growth method. Next, aptamers will be modified on the core-shell magnetic nanoparticles and used for the selective separation and enrichment the target proteins and CTCs. Additionally, a hollow core-shell magnetic nanoparticles will be designed and prepared, and used for drug targeting delivery to tum

英文关键词： aptamer；beads；magnetic core shell material；target protein；G-quadruplex