干旱区绿洲化过程中土壤氮矿化演变特征及机制研究

项目名称： 干旱区绿洲化过程中土壤氮矿化演变特征及机制研究

项目编号： No.41201284

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 杨荣

作者单位： 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 在干旱区绿洲化背景下，开展土壤氮矿化演变特征及机制研究，对深入理解绿洲化过程中土壤环境演变规律和准确评估不同绿洲化阶段土壤实际供氮能力有重要的意义。因此，本项目选择河西走廊绿洲扩张的典型区域，以处在自然荒漠向人工绿洲转变过程中的土壤为研究对象，通过室内培养、原位土柱、同位素稀释及模型模拟等技术手段，结合长期定位监测数据和已积累的相关研究资料，阐明绿洲化过程中土壤氮矿化潜力、矿化途径及净矿化速率的演变规律，揭示气候、土壤及水、氮管理等因子变化下的氮矿化演变机制，模拟不同绿洲化阶段及环境变化情景下的土壤氮矿化过程,为绿洲化过程的调控和绿洲生态系统的管理提供参考依据。

中文关键词： 氮矿化；土壤氮循环；土壤氮素；绿洲化；农田生产力

英文摘要： In arid regions, researches on evolution characteristics and mechanism of soil mineralization are of importance to better understanding the change law of soil habitat in an oasification process, and to precise estimating the actual soil N-supplying capacity in different oasification stages.This project selects a marginal oasis in Hexi Corridor region as study site, which is a typical region that natural desert converted into artificial oasis. Based on laboratory incubation, intact soil core in situ, isotope pool dilution technique, model simulation, and the data of long-term location monitoring and research, the project is 1)to illustrate evolution law of nitrogen mineralization potentials, nitrogen turnover rate and net mineralization rates in an oasification process, 2)to reveal the evolution mechanism of nitrogen mineralization effected by climate, soil and water-nitrogen management, 3)to simulate nitrogen mineralization under different oasification and enviroment cases. The results abtained from this project will provide reference basis for control of oasification process and management of oasis ecosystem.

英文关键词： Nitrogen mineralization；Soil nitrogen cycle；Soil nitrogen；Oasification；Farmland productivity