项目名称: 典型有色金属冶炼区重金属污染的Cd同位素示踪研究——以白银市为例
项目编号: No.41203066
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 地球化学
项目作者: 李风玲
作者单位: 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 城郊土壤是当前土壤重金属污染研究的热点之一。甘肃省白银市是以有色金属采选冶为主的工业城市,城郊农田土壤用黄河水、生活污水和白银公司下属企业西北铜冶炼厂、铅锌冶炼厂等排放的工业污水混灌已近40年,加上上述企业排放的酸性气体及市政燃煤产生的粉尘,使白银市郊土壤中Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn等重金属污染严重,其中Cd污染最为严重。冶炼厂的高温生产会引起Cd同位素的分馏,使得用Cd同位素来示踪工业镉污染源成为可能;作为含铅物质的"指纹",铅同位素可指示环境样品中铅的来源。本项目拟调查白银市区气溶胶、冶炼烟气、冶炼污水、农田土壤、植物根茎叶和籽实中重金属元素分布特征,用Cd同位素示踪法研究大气、土壤-作物体系中Cd的迁移转化及分配规律,用Cd和Pb同位素法追溯环境中重金属的来源。该项目的实施,为系统研究Cd在表生环境中的迁移转化过程提供基础数据支持,可丰富环境污染的示踪体系,具有重要的科学意义和现实价值。
中文关键词: 土壤;重金属;Cd同位素;白银;
英文摘要: Research about heavy metal pollution in suburb soil is one of pollution research hotspots.Baiyin city,Gansu Province,gives priority to mining,selection and smelting of non-ferrous metal.Suburb soil of Baiyin city has been polluted by Pb,Cu and Zn, with Cd the most significant,because of 40-year irrigation of suburb farmland by mixture of Yellow River water,municipal sewage and industrial wastewater discharged from North-West copper smeltry,zinc smeltry subordinate to Baiyin Corporation,and because of acid gas discharged from these enterprises and ash from municipal coal fire.Here we propose a novel dual isotopic tracing method of Cd and Pb isotopes to trace sources of heavy metals contamination. Fractionation of Cd isotope at high smelting temperature makes it a promising tracer for industrial contamination, while Pb isotope has been known as a powerful tool for tracing Pb sources for its "fingerprint" effect. Thus, this dual isotopic tracing method can hopefully unravel the sources and processes of local heavy metals contaminations. In brief, a comprehensive investigation on distribution characteristics of heavy metals in aerosols, waste water, farmland soils, and roots, stems, leaves and seeds of crops is planned for this study. Then, Cd isotope would be used to resolve transport, transform, and distribution o
英文关键词: soil;heavy metal;Cd isotope;Baiyin;