面向性能在线评估的锂离子电池机理模型仿真关键技术研究

项目名称： 面向性能在线评估的锂离子电池机理模型仿真关键技术研究

项目编号： No.51477037

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 吕超

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 87万元

中文摘要： 锂离子电池机理模型存在数值求解复杂、参数难以获取的缺点，是制约其应用于电池管理系统的根本原因。本项目利用数学推导、数值近似、减少网格划分等方法获取机理模型内部复杂过程的解析解，从而替代数值求解的大规模空间迭代过程，解决机理模型仿真在速度、精度和通用性方面的矛盾；针对模型参数在电池内部过程中相互耦合，难以通过外部测试获取的问题，依据电池内部过程的时频域特性，设计不同时频域激励将内部过程解耦，并利用激励响应分析法获取机理模型的部分参数；针对数值方法辨识模型参数费时且容易陷入局部最优的问题，仿真得到敏感度与工况的关联矩阵，基于最佳辨识工况设计分步多目标遗传算法，用电池机理特点对辨识过程进行限定和指导，提高辨识方法的效率和可靠性。本项目属于电气工程与电化学、应用数学相交叉的应用基础研究。研究成果对基于机理模型的锂离子电池在线性能评估具有实用价值，对其它种类储能电池的模型仿真和性能评估具有参考意义。

中文关键词： 锂离子电池；储能技术；电池管理系统；电动汽车；智能电网

英文摘要： The multi-physics model of lithium ion batteries is time consuming and the parameters are difficult to obtain, which restrict its application in battery management systems. Analytical solutions of the internal mechanisms are acquired by means of mathematical derivation, numerical approximation and mesh grid reduction and replace the large-scale space iterative process. This solves the contradictions of multi-physics model in speed, accuracy and versatility. Frequency response analysis, and time domain steady-state/transient analysis are applied in designing of signal stimulus to decouple the interactions of various parameters in different internal processes. Then some of the separated parameters are determined through response analysis. Numerical method for parameter identification is time-consuming and easily to fall into local optimal solution. The sensitivity values of the remaining parameters are calculated. The relationship between sensitivity values and operating conditions is expressed in form of sensitivity matrix, according to which, the best identifiable operating condition of parameters in different sensitivity levels are designed and used in the identification process of a stepwise multi-objective genetic algorithm. The identification process is confined and supervised by the mechanisms of battery, which ensures the efficiency and reliability of the identification results. This project belongs to an applied fundamental research of inter-discipline involving electrical engineering, electrochemistry and applied mathematics, the research findings of which will be useful to the real-time evaluating of Li-ion batteries' performance and significant for modeling and evaluating other energy storage batteries.

英文关键词： Li-ion battery;energy storage;battery management system;electric vehicle;smart grid