大气[CO2]升高对稻田生态系统中厌氧氨氧化和厌氧甲烷氧化微生物的影响

项目名称： 大气[CO2]升高对稻田生态系统中厌氧氨氧化和厌氧甲烷氧化微生物的影响

项目编号： No.41501266

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 于涌杰

作者单位： 南京信息工程大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 大气[CO2]升高会增加水稻吸氮量，对土壤中氮素转化过程产生影响。近来发现厌氧氨氧化（ANAMMOX）与厌氧甲烷氧化（N-DAMO）过程与水稻土氮素转化过程密切相关。为全面揭示未来全球气候变化对稻田生态系统的影响，本项目拟依托我国FACE试验平台，结合室内培养和田间试验，通过稳定性同位素标记方法明确大气[CO2]升高对水稻土ANAMMOX和N-DAMO作用强度的影响；通过荧光定量PCR和高通量基因组测序等分子生态学技术，阐明大气[CO2]升高对水稻土ANAMMOX和N-DAMO微生物群落多样性和功能的影响；利用稳定性同位素核酸探针技术，揭示该两类微生物中主导类群对大气[CO2]升高的响应。该结果将有助于全面了解大气[CO2]升高对水稻土氮素转化过程的认知及其微生物学机制。

中文关键词： 全球变化；温室效应；厌氧氨氧化；厌氧甲烷氧化；土壤氮循环

英文摘要： Atmospheric CO2 enrichment can enhance rice nitrogen uptake, which may cause the change of soil N transformation. Recently, it was found that the nitrite-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) and anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) processes were closely associated with soil N transformation. In order to verify the effect of global climate change to paddy field ecosystems, we will study the response and feedback of ANAMMOX and N-DAMO microorganisms to evaluated CO2. Based on the China FACE platform, at the levels of field and laboratory, we will investigate the changes of ANAMMOX and N-DAMO activities under evaluated CO2 using stable isotope tracing method; reveal the varied ANAMMOX bacteria and N-DAMO bacteria community structure by multiple molecular biology technologies, e.g. high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR; and unravel the shifts of the active microorganism groups in the processes of ANAMMOX and N-DAMO using DNA-SIP technology. This study will improve our understanding of the paddy soil N transformation under elevated CO2 and its microbial mechanisms.

英文关键词： global change;greenhouse effects;anaerobic ammonia oxidation ;anaerobic methane oxidation ;soil nitrogen cycle