基于ECM的骨组织诱导型支架的研究

项目名称： 基于ECM的骨组织诱导型支架的研究

项目编号： No.11302262

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘璐

作者单位： 中国人民武装警察部队后勤学院

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 大段骨缺损修复和特定形态骨功能重建，是临床骨科领域的难题。采用仿生理念，通过模拟骨组织细胞外基质（ECM）成分和三维结构，研制出有利于骨再生和修复的组织诱导型生物活性支架材料，是骨组织工程和再生医学的新兴领域。课题首先将成骨细胞接种在具有与天然松质骨相同三维微纳结构的支架材料上，在力学载荷作用下培养细胞-支架复合物。通过脱细胞技术，保留支架中天然ECM结构和活性成分，制备出一种新型的骨组织诱导型生物活性支架材料。利用生物反应器模拟体内环境，采用细胞分子生物学和组织化学方法，考察该支架材料的成骨诱导活性；同时将细胞支架复合物植入动物骨缺损模型或皮下，考察其体内诱导成骨能力。课题可为骨组织工程和骨损伤修复领域提供有突破性的，更符合生物力学和仿生学原理的支架材料，为骨修复材料和骨力学生物学研究提供新思路，开拓新领域。

中文关键词： 仿生骨支架；细胞外基质；聚己内酯；结构拓扑优化；骨缺损修复

英文摘要： Repair of diaphyseal bone defects and special form of replacements are challenging problems for orthopedic surgeons. Fabrication of bioactive scaffolds via simulating extracellular matrix (ECM) components and the three-dimensional structure of bone tissue is an emerging field of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, osteoblasts are seeded on the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with both their micro-nano structure and mechanical properties similar to natural cancellous bone under mechanical loads. After removal of the cells, bioactive scaffolds coating ECMs are generated. Then osteoblasts and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are re-seeded on 3D scaffold coating ECMs. Osteoinductive potential is determined by cellular and molecular biological methods, biochemical and histochemical techniques. In addition, osteoinductive capability in vivo of the cell/scaffold complex is investigated. This study will fabricate a novel bioactivity scaffold folllowing the principle of biomechanics and bionics for bone tissue engineering and repair of bone defects. It provides new ideas in the field of bone repair material and mechanical biology.

英文关键词： biomimetic scaffold；extracellular matrice；polycaprolactone；structural topology optimization；bone defect repair