项目名称: 采用主动光学技术空间望远镜发射时的主镜安全性研究
项目编号: No.11203050
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 牛冬生
作者单位: 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所
项目金额: 27万元
中文摘要: 空间望远镜进行光学观测不受大气层的影响,从而可以获得更好的光学分辨率及更宽的观测波段范围,因此成为望远镜研制的热点。而对于开展空间大口径望远镜的研究,采用主动光学技术的主镜发射时的安全性是迫切需要解决的重要问题之一。本项目针对空间望远镜研制的特殊性,分析影响望远镜发射时主镜安全的主要因素。拟通过对具有锁定功能且用于主动光学支撑系统的力促动器进行原理性研究,解决主镜主动支撑系统轴向刚度差的问题,从而确保在发射阶段时加速及强烈振动条件下的主镜安全。同时,该力促动器方案适合于空间望远镜的使用,满足可靠性高、能耗低及质量小等要求,并能在真空及空间低温环境正常使用。在轨运行时,锁定机构自行解锁,从而不影响主动支撑的校正能力。本项目研究成果对于开展空间大口径望远镜的研究有重要意义和实用价值,并且,所研究的力促动器方案也可广泛应用于地面望远镜,更能实现在南极望远镜的应用。
中文关键词: 空间望远镜;主镜安全性;力促动器;主动光学;
英文摘要: Without any effect of atmosphere on the optical observation, space telescope can get better optical resolution and wider observation wavelength range than ground-based telescope. So it becomes one of the hot spots for the telescope development. For large-aperture space telescopes, the primary mirror survivability during the launch stage is one of the important issues for space telescope which employs the active optics. It need to be addressed urgently. According to the particularity of the space telescope, this research analyses the main factors which affect the primary mirror survivability. The primary mirror may be destroyed at the launch moment due to acceleration and fervent vibration condition. In order to ensure the security of primary mirror,our research intends to complete the principle of the force actuators which may be equipped with a locking mechanism and applied to active support system.Through the studies,we want to increase the stiffness of the axial support system to protect the primary mirror. At the same time,the force actuator is more suitable for sapce telescope which need higher performance and reliability, and it must has lower energy consumption and weight. Under the space environment of low temperature and vacuum , the force actuators can work normally. When the telescope is on orbit, the
英文关键词: Space telescope;primary mirror survivability;force actuator;active optics;