猕猴桃核心种质的基因组遗传变异及相关果实品质的关联解析

项目名称： 猕猴桃核心种质的基因组遗传变异及相关果实品质的关联解析

项目编号： No.31471847

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 黄宏文

作者单位： 中国科学院华南植物园

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 猕猴桃（Actinidia Lindl.）原产我国，因其丰富的营养价值和独特的风味而成为世界新兴水果的典型代表。我国是猕猴桃属植物资源的分布中心和商业猕猴桃的产销大国。然而，长期以来，我国猕猴桃产业发展受制于栽培品种产量低、适应性差和品质参差不齐等问题，与世界猕猴桃主产国新西兰、意大利等仍然存在差距。本项目立足国家猕猴桃种质资源圃现有的猕猴桃主要栽培种质和自然种质资源，在前期研究基础上进行核心种质库构建，分析主要果实品质相关的特征性状。同时，利用新一代高通量测序技术对代表性核心种质进行低深度高通量重测序，通过比对现有猕猴桃参考基因组研究其基因组水平的遗传变异和样本种质间的进化遗传关系。最后利用最近发展的关联分析法探讨基因组遗传变异与重要果实品质性状间可能的相关性，理解复杂性状可能的分子遗传基础，为我国猕猴桃的遗传育种和产业可持续发展奠定基础。

中文关键词： 核心种质；猕猴桃；基因组变异；关联分析；果实品质

英文摘要： The kiwifruit (Actinidia Lindl.), which originally occurs in China, is becoming popular in the fresh fruit market worldwide due to its rich nutrition and good flavor. China is the center of the natural distribuiton of wild Actinidia germplasm and also the biggest country for kiwifruit production. However, the kiwifruit industry is far from those in New Zealand and Italy due to the problems of cultivars developed in China. In the present project, based on the kiwifruit germplasm conserved in the National Actinidia Germplasm Repository, we try to construct a core collection bank by using the previous genetic diversity database evaluated by different kinds of molecular markers and the key fruit traits. Furthermore, we will use the NGS sequencing technique to resequence the representative individuals in the constructed bank to analysis the genome-wide genetic variation and the evolutionary relationship of these studied germplasm after mapping resequencing reads to the reference genome of kiwifruit. Finally, an association study will conduct to detect the possibly molecular basis related to important fruit traits based on our genetic and phenotypic analyses. All our results will greatly improve the genetic breeding and sustainable industry development of kiwifruit in China.

英文关键词： Core collection;kiwifruit;genomic variation;association analysis;fruit traits