荧光铜纳米粒的发卡型DNA模板设计和应用

项目名称： 荧光铜纳米粒的发卡型DNA模板设计和应用

项目编号： No.21505023

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 曹志娟

作者单位： 复旦大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 相比于金、银和铂纳米簇，荧光铜纳米粒具有成本低、制备迅速、条件温和等特点，已成为荧光纳米材料领域的研究热点之一。目前荧光铜纳米粒制备采用的DNA模板集中在双链模板和线性多聚脱氧胸苷（poly T）模板。我们最近研究发现：采用环部为poly T的发卡型DNA模板合成荧光铜纳米粒，荧光信号大幅增强，呈现出poly T和双链模板的叠加和增敏效应。本项目拟在此基础上，设计和发展发卡型DNA新模板，并探讨铜纳米粒的荧光性能与模板序列的内在相关性，探究其形成机理，提高其稳定性，从而获得性能优良的荧光铜纳米材料。随后，构建多种免标记、均相快速的荧光分析新技术，应用于生物小分子、核酸、酶及其抑制剂等目标分子检测。该项目的成功实施将进一步丰富荧光铜纳米粒的DNA模板类型，提高其荧光性能和阐释纳米粒形成机理，拓宽其应用范围，大力促进荧光铜纳米粒在分析领域的发展。

中文关键词： 发卡型DNA模板；荧光铜纳米粒；多聚脱氧胸苷环部；荧光分析

英文摘要： Compared with other fluorescent metal nanoparticles (gold, silver and platinum NPs), DNA-templated fluorescent copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are a type of newly emerged fluorescent probe and has attracted considerable interest, by virtue of low cost, rapid and simple preparation. Currently, research of DNA templated CuNPs focus on double-strand DNA and linear poly T. Recently, our research group found that the hairpin DNA with poly-T loop cound be the excellent template for the formation of fluorescent CuNPs. Compared with linear poly T and double-strand DNA, the fluorescent intensity ratio (signal/noise) obtained an overlay and enhancement effects. Herein, based on that, we aim to develop a series of new hairpin DNA templates with different loops, stems and length, and try to make it clear that the relationship lies in the template and the formation of fluorescent CuNPs, and then study the formation mechanism and seek the way to improve its stability. After that, we make efforts to establish the simple, rapid and sensitive protocols for different targets, such as small biomolecules, nucleic acid, enzyme and its inhibits. As a result, this project will enrich the pool of DNA templates for CuNPs with outstanding photophysical properties, in further elucidate the formation mechanism, and then supervise the design of DNA templated-CuNPs-based fluorescent techniques. All of these will greatly promote the development of CuNPs in the research field of analytical chemistry.

英文关键词： hairpin DNA template;fluorescent copper nanoparticles;poly-T loop;fluorescent assay