家蚕体壁Spatzle(BmSpz4)的特性及其相关免疫信号通路研究

项目名称： 家蚕体壁Spatzle(BmSpz4)的特性及其相关免疫信号通路研究

项目编号： No.31272508

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 吴金美

作者单位： 中国农业科学院蚕业研究所

项目金额： 68万元

中文摘要： Spatzle蛋白作为Toll受体的配体在昆虫的系统免疫中起着重要的作用，但该蛋白是否在昆虫的体壁表达及其作用尚未见报道。体壁作为天然免疫的第一道防线,在抵抗外来微生物感染中发挥着重要的作用。它一方面构成了抵御病原体的物理屏障;另一方面,可分泌许多细胞因子、趋化因子和抗菌肽等,从而介导天然免疫等功能,利于病原体的清除，但其确切的细胞识别防御机制尚不清楚。最近，我们从家蚕的体壁中克隆了新的spatzle样基因（GenBank登录号:JN628282），经序列比对分析发现它与果蝇的spatzle4高度同源，故将之命名为BmSpz4。本研究将围绕该基因的结构与进化的分析、时空表达谱、该基因启动子的转录调控元件及调控因子的分析、该基因对不同种类微生物及不同感染方式的免疫响应及信号通路的影响等方面开展研究，为阐明BmSpz4在皮肤天然免疫中的作用提供理论依据.

中文关键词： 天然免疫；信号通路；Spatzle；家蚕；体壁

英文摘要： As a ligand of toll receptor, Spatzle plays an important role in systematic immunity against pathogens, but weather this protein is expressed in the epidermis of insects and its role are not known. The epidermis/Skin needs to fulfill the important task of preventing the penetration of pathogens that could cause systemic infections，so is the first line of defence against microbial infections. The skin on the one hand constitutes a physical barrier against pathogens, on the other hand, can secrete cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides, and thus mediating body's immune functions, which will help the removal of pathogens, but the detailed defense mechanisms is unclear. Recently, we have cloned a new spatzle gene from the epidermis of silkworm, Bombyx mori (GenBank accession number: JN628282), and found that it has the highest homology with the spatzle 4 gene of Drosophila melanogaster (so it's named as BmSpz4). This proposed study will focus on the characterization of the spatzle gene, its immune responses against different classes of microbes, and the signaling pathways the Spatzle protein evolves in the epidermis, so as to clarify the BmSpz4's role in innate immunity, and to provide possible new strategies to prevent infections from the skin.

英文关键词： Innate immunity；Signaling pathway；Spatzle；Bombyx mori；Integument