北太平洋地区冬季气溶胶和云的相互作用研究

项目名称： 北太平洋地区冬季气溶胶和云的相互作用研究

项目编号： No.41275153

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 李国辉

作者单位： 中国科学院地球环境研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 目前对于气溶胶通过间接效应对天气和气候的影响的评估仍然存在着高度的不确定性。北太平洋中纬度地区的动力，热力和水汽条件都很有利于气溶胶和云的相互作用，为研究气溶胶和云的相互作用提供了理想的研究场所。本项目运用卫星观测的气溶胶、云和降水资料，结合模式模拟，认识在北太平洋地区气溶胶、云和降水的空间分布和时间变化规律，研究气溶胶与云和降水的关系；定量确定在北太平洋地区从亚洲输送的气溶胶对云的光学厚度、云滴浓度、云滴大小、云水的柱含量、云量、云顶气压及温度的影响以及对大气辐射的作用；确定从亚洲输送的气溶胶对北太平洋地区降水及极端降水的贡献；评估亚洲输送的气溶胶对西北太平洋地区气旋的爆发性增长的影响，为气溶胶对天气及气候的研究提供重要的参考。

中文关键词： 气溶胶间接效应；云；降水；数值模拟；

英文摘要： Current understanding of the aerosol indirect effect remains highly uncertain,constituting the greatest uncertainty to global climate forcing. The wintertime north Pacific is highly vulnerable to the aerosol-cloud interaction due to favorable cloud dynamical and microphysical conditions, providing a good experimental region for investigation of aerosol-cloud interactions. This research project is aimed at assessing impacts of aerosols from Asian pollution outflows on clouds and precipitation over the north Pacific, using observational and modeling procedures. Our studies include the following activities: (1) analysis of satellite measurements of cloudiness and aerosols from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and precipitation from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) to establish their variability and correlation over the north Pacific, (2) simulations of storms over the north Pacific in the winter using a cloud-resolving Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (CR-WRF-CHEM) with a domain spanning much of the north Pacific and a seasonal time scale to assess the effect of aerosols on cloud properties and precipitation, and compare with satellite observations, (3) simulations of several cyclone activities over the north-west Pacific to verify the contributions of aerosol

英文关键词： aerosol indirect effect；cloud；precipitation；numerical simulation；