项目名称: 表观遗传修饰调控拟南芥离体芽再生的分子基础研究
项目编号: No.31200153
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 微生物学、植物学
项目作者: 程志娟
作者单位: 山东农业大学
项目金额: 23万元
中文摘要: 人们很早就发现植物细胞具有全能性的现象,植物离体芽的再生是植物细胞全能性的一种重要表现。然而迄今为止,对于离体芽再生的分子机制了解甚少。前期工作通过离体芽再生体系筛选出多个表观遗传修饰相关突变体,其中组蛋白精氨酸甲基转移酶atprmt4、atprmt5、atprmt10突变体离体芽的再生速率明显下降,特别是atprmt5离体芽的再生速率受到严重抑制。本项目将在前期工作的基础上,研究离体芽再生过程中AtPRMT5调节的下游基因,特别是生长素和细胞分裂素代谢和信号转导以及干细胞特征决定的关键基因,进而构建基因调控网络。研究工作将有助于揭示植物细胞全能性和器官再生的分子机制,同时,为理解植株上器官发生的分子机理提供重要信息。
中文关键词: 拟南芥离体芽发生;蛋白质精氨酸甲基化;细胞周期;mRNA前体剪接;
英文摘要: De novo shoot organogenesis relies on somatic cell totipotency in plants (i.e. the capacity to regenerate in vitro the entire plant from single somatic cells), and it is the most common pathway leading to in vitro plant regeneration. It is also an excellent experimental system to answer fundamental biological questions such as stem cell initiation, cell fate determination, and hormone signaling. Epigenetic modifications play critical roles in mediating shoot regeneration, but a little is known on how epigenetic modifications function during shoot regeneration. Our previous studies showed that mutation in Arabidopsis genes encoding symmetric arginine dimethyltransferases (AtPRMT4, AtPRMT5, AtPRMT10) resulted in reduced developmental rates of de novo shoot regeneration. In this study, we will focus on the mechanism of epigenetic modifications mediating de novo shoot organogenesis by auxin and cytokinin synthesis, transport, perception, and signaling as well as the master regulator of stem cell fate determination. The results will extend the view on somatic cell totipotency and shed new light for understanding mechanisms of organogenesis in planta.
英文关键词: Shoot regeneration;Protein arginine methylation;Cell cycle;pre-mRNA splicing;