以点击化学构建壳聚糖为主链的聚合物生物缀合物

项目名称： 以点击化学构建壳聚糖为主链的聚合物生物缀合物

项目编号： No.20804029

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 袁伟忠

作者单位： 同济大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 壳聚糖是来源非常丰富的天然生物材料，具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性和无生物毒性，在生物医学领域有广泛地应用。壳聚糖的接枝修饰可以克服其在普通溶剂的不溶性并能扩展其功能性。在本项目中，以壳聚糖分子为主链，通过结合开环聚合(ROP),原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)等"活性"/可控聚合方法并采用点击化学制备了多种结构与功能的壳聚糖接枝共聚物及其生物缀合物，并研究了它们的自组装行为及其在生物医学领域的应用：壳聚糖接枝共聚物纳米胶束具有温度/pH双响应性能且能固定金纳米粒子；壳聚糖混合侧链接枝共聚物具有独特的结晶行为，纳米胶束的形貌可以调节；壳聚糖接枝共聚物胶束显示出独特的温度可调敏感性和独特的pH响应性；缀合了芘分子的壳聚糖双侧链共聚物胶束具有很好的可调温敏性，荧光性能，以及抗癌药物可控释放性能；缀合了半乳糖分子的壳聚糖共聚物纳米胶束体现出了独特的温度敏感性和形貌特点。研究结果表明所制备的壳聚糖共聚物及其生物缀合物有效拓展了壳聚糖的功能，将在生物医学领域具有重要应用价值。

中文关键词： 壳聚糖；点击化学；自组装；生物缀合物；生物医学领域

英文摘要： Chitosan is an abundant natrual biomaterial and possesses good biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity, and has the wide applications in biomedical fields.The graft modifiction of chitosan has been explored to overcome the insolubility in common solvents and develop multifunctional novel chitosan copolymers. In this project, the chitosan graft copolymers and their bioconjugates were prepared via ring-opening polymerization (ROP), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and click chemistry. Moreover, the self-assembly behavior and the applications in biomedical fields of chitosan copolymers were investigated: chitosan copolymer micelles possessed temperature/pH dual responsive properties and can immobilize the gold nanoparticles; chitosan copolymers with mixed side chains presented unique crystalline behavior and the morphology of their micelles were adjustable; chitosan graft copolymers micelles presented unqiue tunable thermosensitivity and pH-responsivity; pyrene-conjugated chitosan copolymers with double side chains micelles have good tunable thermosensitivity, fluorescence, and controlled anti-cancer drug releaase properties; galactose-conjugated chitosan copolymer micelles presented unique thermosensitivity and morphologies. Investigation results indicated that the prepared chitosan copolymers and their bioconjugates effectively expand the functions of chitosan and will have the important applications in biomedical fields.

英文关键词： chitosan; click chemistry; self-assembly; bioconjugates; biomedical field