重金属和虫害胁迫下红树的抗性适应及外源茉莉酸酮脂的调控

项目名称： 重金属和虫害胁迫下红树的抗性适应及外源茉莉酸酮脂的调控

项目编号： No.41201525

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 闫中正

作者单位： 华东师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 近些年来，环境污染和病虫害的加剧都威胁着红树植物的存活和发展，红树植物面临着严峻的生存压力。海榄雌是红树植物中具代表性的先锋植物，它对重金属胁迫具有较高的适应性，但是相对于其它红树物种却有着明显偏低的对病虫害的抗性。植物面对非生物（重金属）和生物胁迫的时候具有共同生理响应，如合成较高浓度的谷胱甘肽和维持较高浓度的抗氧化酶活性。在这些过程中，外源和内源的茉莉酸通过激活抗性基因的表达，诱发蛋白酶抑制剂的表达和增加抗氧化保护系统的活性而发挥重要的调控作用。本研究拟主要运用室内模拟方法研究海榄雌在重金属和虫害的双重胁迫压力下，在生理上的适应机制以及内源激素的响应，并且研究外源激素调控对海榄雌幼苗应对综合胁迫的作用，以期为红树植物的抗性改良及育苗造林提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 红树；重金属；茉莉酸；虫害；胁迫抗性

英文摘要： Increasing pressures from environmental pollution and insect pest damage both pose severe threats on survival of mangrove species. As a pioneer species, Avicennia marina was proved to be robust to heavy metal stress, but being more susceptible to insect pest damages such as Oligochroa cantonella Garadja than the other mangrove species. Under the stress of abitic and biotic stimulus, plants usually showed some common responses such as synthesizing and maintaining high levels of glutathione (GSH) and antioxidative enzymes activity, in which the newly recognized phytohormones, jasmonates, was involved and play key role in regulation of the expression of resistance gene and the synthesis of the resistance metabolites. The present study plan to use microcosm system in the greenhouse to mimic the conditions of the species (A. marina) under the pressures of both biotic (insect pest) and abiotic stress (heavy metals), and investigate the physiological responses and adaptations of the species with special emphasis on the exploration of the functions and roles of jasmonates, both endogenous and exogenous. The present study aims to deepen our understanding on the general responses and inner regulations of the mangrove species to joint stresses of the typical biotic and abiotic stimulus in the inter tidal habitats.

英文关键词： Mangrove；Heavy metals；Jasmonic acid；Insect damage；Stress resistance