融合多模GNSS和强震仪观测的地震实时监测技术方法研究

项目名称： 融合多模GNSS和强震仪观测的地震实时监测技术方法研究

项目编号： No.41504006

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 涂锐

作者单位： 中国科学院国家授时中心

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： GNSS和强震仪观测是监测地震形变的两种有效手段，它们已被广泛应用且各具特色。GNSS易于获取高精度位移，但存在采样频率低、高频信噪比低，信号稳定性差的缺陷；同时，强震仪易于获取高分辨率加速度，但因基线漂移误差的存在，其积分后的速度和位移常存在偏差。为了取长补短，优势互补，本课题将对融合多模GNSS和强震仪观测的地震实时监测技术方法开展研究，其中包括：1. 基于GNSS观测实时快速获取地表位移信息技术；2. 基于高精度GNSS位移实时准确校正强震仪的基线偏移误差技术；3. 基于GNSS和强震仪组合观测的地震实时监测系统设计。预期可以实现两种观测手段的优势互补，建立一种组合的高性能地震监测系统，实时提供高精度、宽频带的形变信息，为地震等灾害监测和预警服务；同时为强震仪的基线漂移校正提供新的思路，对地震学与地震工程具有参考价值。

中文关键词： 数据融合；全球卫星导航系统；地质灾害监测；多卫星导航系统；精度和可靠性

英文摘要： GNSS and strong-motion observations are two effective and valuable tools for earthquake monitoring, they with separate characteristics and have been widely used. The GNSS is easy to get high precision displacement, but with limitations of low sample rate, bad signal to noise ration and the signal with badly stability. Meanwhile, for the strong-motion sensors, it with high accuracy and temporal resolution acceleration records, but might be biased by so-called baseline shifts that are mainly caused by ground shaking induced tilting and/or rotation of the instruments, and will be seriously distorted while integrated into velocity and/or displacement. In order to complement the advantages of each sensor, this work will study the technology and method for earthquake real-time monitoring with the integration of GNSS and strong-motion records. It includes the following topics: 1. Real-time and fast get the displacement information based on GNSS observations; 2. Real-time and precisely correct the strong-motion’s baseline shift based on high-precision GNSS displacement; 3. Develop a real-time monitoring system based on GNSS and strong-motion records. By these studies, we can complement the advantages of each observation, develop a combined and high quality earthquake monitoring system, it can real-time provide high-precision and broadband motion information, which will be serviced for the earthquake monitoring and early warning. In addition, it provides a new way for the strong-motion baseline shift correction, it is meaningful for seismology and earthquake engineering.

英文关键词： data integration;global satellite navigaton system;geological disaster monjtoring;muti satellie navigation system;precision and stability