磁共振多维度弥散成像在表征前列腺癌微结构中的作用及生物学基础研究

项目名称： 磁共振多维度弥散成像在表征前列腺癌微结构中的作用及生物学基础研究

项目编号： No.81501458

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 所世腾

作者单位： 上海交通大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 近年来前列腺癌筛查的普及带来过度诊断/治疗的问题引起广泛关注，精确诊断对于临床选取个性化治疗策略有十分重要的意义。肿瘤微结构异常是肿瘤生长、侵袭及转移的重要生物学特征，但是MR作为无创的评价手段对揭示前列腺癌微结构进而准确诊断有一定局限性。弥散加权成像（diffusion-weighted imaging，DWI）是目前唯一能在活体检测水分子运动的成像技术，本项目组在前期研究DWI临床价值及数学建模基础上，拟建立多维度弥散成像的数学模型对整个肿瘤微结构进行深度解析，从微血管、细胞内、细胞外间质内及弥散结构异质性等多角度评价前列腺癌的细胞状态及微环境，并与组织病理学资料对照揭示其潜在的生物学机制，进一步挖掘高代表性的特征参数模型精准预测前列腺癌侵袭性。此研究将在前列腺癌微结构的病理和影像之间搭建起桥梁，有助于为前列腺癌的无创、准确、定量诊断开辟一条新的途径，对前列腺的临床干预具有深远的意义。

中文关键词： 前列腺癌；弥散加权成像；核磁共振成像；肿瘤微结构；计算机辅助诊断

英文摘要： Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer resulted from screening have recently drawn public attention. Precise diagnosis is crucial for the selection of appropriate clinical therapeutic strategy. Tumor microstructure abnormality is a fundamental characteristic for tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. However, as a noninvasive tool, MR imaging is limited in characterization of tumor microstructure. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is currently the only imaging method to detect water molecule motion in vivo. Therefore, based on previous DWI clinical value and mathematical modelling studies, this study aims to construct a new multidimensional DWI model to quantify the whole-tumor microstructure in depth. We will develop the model from aspects of microcirculation, intracellular space, extracellular- extravascular space and structure heterogeneity to evaluate the tumor cell state and microenvironment of prostate cancer, reveal the underlying biological mechanism by comparing with histopathological results, and further build a highly representative model using the characteristic parameters to accurately predict the prostate cancer aggressiveness. The success of this study may bridge radiologic data with cellular and molecular characteristics of tumor microstructure in prostate cancer, and offer a novel alternative method in diagnosing prostate cancer in a noninvasive, accurate and quantitative way, which is of significant importance for clinical intervention.

英文关键词： Prostate cancer;Diffusion-weighted imaging;Magnetic resonance imaging;Tumor microstructure;Computer-aided diagnosis