黄土丘陵沟壑区不同空间尺度地貌单元水沙耦合机制

项目名称： 黄土丘陵沟壑区不同空间尺度地貌单元水沙耦合机制

项目编号： No.41301299

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王玲玲

作者单位： 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 黄土丘陵沟壑区不同空间尺度地貌单元不仅是侵蚀单元，而且是水沙传递单元，在降雨-径流-泥沙物质迁移转换和驱动下，不同空间尺度地貌单元形成动态耦合的侵蚀产沙复杂系统。系统内不同地貌单元的侵蚀产沙过程具有不同的物理机制，目前大多研究独立地貌单元的侵蚀产沙过程，缺乏从系统的角度研究不同地貌单元之间的侵蚀-搬运-沉积过程及其耦合关系。鉴于此，本项目以土壤侵蚀学、泥沙动力学和水力学等学科的理论为基础，以3S技术为支撑平台，采用野外宏观勘测、定位动态监测、人工模拟降雨和理论分析相结合的研究方法，以"坡面~沟道~流域"系统作为研究对象，描述不同空间尺度地貌单元间的侵蚀产沙耦合关系，揭示不同地貌单元之间水沙搭配关系的关联性，阐明不同空间尺度地貌单元水沙耦合的水动力学机制。其研究成果可为建立不同空间尺度土壤侵蚀预报模型提供理论支撑，同时为黄土丘陵沟壑区流域治理措施优化配置提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 水沙关系；尺度效应；地貌单元；水动力学特征；地貌演化特征

英文摘要： The different topographical units of different spatial scales in the Loess Hilly-Gully region were not only the erosion units but also the runoff and sediment delivery units. With the interreaction driving force of rainfall, runoff and sediment transportation, the different topographical units formed a dynamic coupling system. In this system, the process of the soil erosion and sediment delivery in the different topographical units was of particular physical mechanism. At present, the different topographical units were separated and most of research about soil erosion process was aimed at each unit independently. And lack of the systematic research on the runoff and sediment coupling relationship between each different topographical units during soil erosion and sediment delivery process. Bearing this in mind, based on the theory of soil erosion, sediment dynamics and hydraulics, with the support of 3S technology, this project selected the "slope-gully-watershed" system in the hilly-gully as the study area.First, using Qiaogou and Peijiamao watershed in that region as prototype for observation and making use of the observation facilities therein including four hydrological staions and five large-scaled field runoff plots which located in different togographical units, the runoff and sediment coupling relationshi

英文关键词： runoff-sediment relationship；spatial scale effect；different geomorphologic units；hydrodynamic characteristics；geomorphic evolution characteristics