特殊小RNA和lncRNA对干细胞染色体分离及染色质表观遗传状态的调控

项目名称： 特殊小RNA和lncRNA对干细胞染色体分离及染色质表观遗传状态的调控

项目编号： No.91519333

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 单革

作者单位： 中国科学技术大学

项目金额： 67万元

中文摘要： 已有的证据表明了小RNA和长非编码RNA对染色质表观遗传状态的调控。但是对Endo-siRNA和Natural antisense RNA分别作为小RNA和长非编码RNA，在干细胞各种生物功能、生理状态、增殖分化等条件下的表观遗传调控的研究还非常缺乏。我们前期研究发现endo-siRNA和自然发生的反义RNA （Natural antisense RNA）分别是在干细胞有丝分裂过程中和染色质结合最多的小RNA和长非编码RNA。endo-siRNA参与了调控其它长非编码RNA的水平及分布，进而调控着丝粒/动粒区的染色质状态、及其组装和功能。而自然发生的反义RNA在干细胞中起着调控染色质表观遗传状态、从而调控基因表达的作用。我们将对这两类非编码RNA在干细胞中的表观遗传调控功能及机制进行深入研究。我们的研究将加深对非编码RNA参与干细胞生命活动及表观遗传状态调控这一重大生命科学命题的认知。

中文关键词： 5S-OT长链非编码RNA；可变剪切；5S 核糖体RNA；转录调控；基因表达

英文摘要： A myriad of publications have shown the epigenetic regulations by small and long noncoding RNAs. In contrast, studies about epigenetic regulations elicited by endo siRNAs as a special class of small RNAs and natural antisense RNAs as a special class of long ncRNAs in the function, physiology, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells are limited. Preliminary data in our lab indicated that endo siRNAs and natural antisense RNAs were most abundant ncRNAs associated on the chromatin in stem cells. Endo siRNAs could regulate the levels and distributions of some lncRNAs, and thus regulate the epigenetic status, formation and function of centromere/kinetochore. We also found that natural antisense RNAs could modulate the chromatin epigenetic status and gene expression in stem cells. Under the support of this grant, we will systematically investigate roles of endo siRNAs and natural antisense RNAs in epigenetic regulation in stem cells. We hope our research will shed light on roles of ncRNAs in life events and epigenetic regulations of stem cells, which is one of the most significant topics of stem cell biology.

英文关键词： 5S-OT lncRNA；Alternative Splicing；5S rRNA；Transcriptional regulation；Gene expression