木质素分子结构调控及其在酚醛泡沫中的基础应用研究

项目名称： 木质素分子结构调控及其在酚醛泡沫中的基础应用研究

项目编号： No.31470613

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 林学

项目作者： 胡立红

作者单位： 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 针对目前木质素通过苯酚液化制备酚醛树脂过程中，存在树脂黏度偏大和加成缩聚反应不充分的缺点，设想将木质素通过化学降解方式断裂其碳碳键和醚键，使木质素分子量降低的同时反应活性得到提高，实现对木质素分子结构的有效调控。通过FT-IR、UV-Vis、GPC、NMR等分析方法对降解前后木质素进行结构确证，揭示降解产物中含有酚类小分子化合物结构的发展变化规律。创新将这种改性木质素应用到发泡树脂中，研究木质素分子结构对树脂粘度、树脂活性和树脂可发性的影响，总结其结构与树脂性能的构效关系；通过DSC和哈克流变仪研究树脂的固化机理，研究降解产物分子结构变化对树脂固化行为的影响；探讨降解产物分子结构与泡孔结构和闭孔率之间的相互关系。本项目的开展不仅为木质素的高值化利用提供新途径，也为生物质保温新材料的开发奠定理论和技术基础。

中文关键词： 木质素；结构调控；固化动力学；酚醛泡沫；构效关系

英文摘要： The present art of lignin application in preparing resol resin after phenolation has two defects: higher viscosity and unefficient addition polycondensation reaction. In order to tune these defects, we explore cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds and ether bonds in lignin via chemical degradation and realize to control its structure through decreasing lignin molecular weight and increasing its reactive activity. Formation and variation of pre- and post-chemically degraded lignin are obtained by FT-IR, UV-Vis, GPC and NMR analyses. It is the first time to introduce this kind of modified lignin into resol resin, and lignin molecular structure effect on viscosity, reactive activity and foaming are revealed, structure-activity relationship of lignin and performances of resol resin is summarized. Curing mechanism is examined using DSC and HAAKE rheometer to illustrate effect of degraded compounds structure on curing behavior and further to explore how it effects foam structure and closed pore rate. This project aims at providing a new avenue to utilize paper and pulp making by-product for high value-added utilizations, and lays theoretical and technical basis of new type of bio-based thermal insulation development.

英文关键词： lignin;structure regulation;curing kinetics;phenolic foam;structure-activityrelationship