磁性纳米团簇表面贵金属纳米粒子的分散稳定机制和催化性能研究

项目名称： 磁性纳米团簇表面贵金属纳米粒子的分散稳定机制和催化性能研究

项目编号： No.51503178

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 郭万春

作者单位： 燕山大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 针对贵金属基磁性纳米复合材料存在合成过程相对复杂和催化过程中贵金属纳米粒子易于团聚、失活等问题，本项目提出以两亲性高分子为导向剂，借助功能聚合物单体和贵金属源之间的氧化还原作用，在磁性纳米团簇表面同步合成功能聚合物和贵金属纳米粒子的方法。利用聚合物链官能团的锚固作用和聚合物链缠绕的限域作用，使弥散分布于聚合物结构中的贵金属纳米粒子，在催化反应过程中保持其高分散性、高活性和高稳定性，从而建立磁性纳米团簇表面贵金属纳米粒子的分散稳定机制。同时，本项目通过改变两亲高分子种类、用量，单体与贵金属源的投料比，溶剂极性，反应温度等参数调控聚合物和贵金属纳米粒子的成核和生长速率，优化贵金属纳米粒子在聚合物结构中的尺寸、形态和分布，利用简单方法实现新型高效、稳定的磁性纳米复合催化材料的可控合成，并探究纳米复合材料与催化性能间的构效关系，为拓展此类复合材料的可控合成和催化应用提供实验基础和理论依据。

中文关键词： 纳米复合材料；同步合成；贵金属纳米粒子；稳定机制；催化

英文摘要： There are many drawbacks such as complicated synthesis process, aggregation and deactivation of noble metal nanoparticles during the catalytic transformations for noble metal based magnetic nanocomposites. Therefore, one simple method will be developed to synthesize simultaneously functional polymers and noble metal nanoparticles on the surface of magnetic nanoclusters, with amphiphilic polymer as structure-directing agent, on the basis of the oxidation / reduction reaction between functional monomers and noble metal precursors. Confinement of dispersed highly noble metal nanoparticles within functional polymer structures, could endow nanocatalysts with excellent activity and high stability, resulting from chemical immobilization of polymer functional groups and migration-limited effect of polymer chains on metal nanoparticles. In other words, it will be achieved to establish dispersion mechanism of noble metal nanoparticles on the surface of magnetic nanoclusters. Meanwhile, the nucleation and growth rates of noble metal nanoparticles and functional polymers, determining the size, morphorlogy and distribution of noble metal nanoparticles into polymer, will be controlled by tuning reaction parameters such as the kind and ammount of amphiphilic polymer, the feed ratio of monomer and noble metal precursor, the polarity of solvents, temperature and so on. As well as stabilizing noble metal nanoparticles on the surface of magnetic nanoclusters, the key goal in this study is just to synthesize the novel magnetic nanocomposite catalysts with excellent activity and high stability via a facile method, to explore structure-activity relationship between nanocoposite catalysts and catalytic performance, and to lay the practical and theoretical foundation of further controllable synthesis and catalytic application of this kind of nanocomposite catalysts.

英文关键词： nanocomposite;simultaneous synthesis;noble metal nanoparticles;stability mechanism;catalysis