携带正负电荷生物气溶胶的浓度、G+与G-菌种及其电荷量与基因表达机理的研究

项目名称： 携带正负电荷生物气溶胶的浓度、G+与G-菌种及其电荷量与基因表达机理的研究

项目编号： No.21277007

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 要茂盛

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 生物气溶胶携带的电荷电性、电荷量及细胞壁结构是影响其检测与健康效应如呼吸系统疾病、病态楼宇综合症等的重要属性。大量研究报道了利用静电场监测生物气溶胶，但采集到的携带正、负电荷生物气溶胶的浓度、革兰氏阳性(G+)与阴性(G-)比例、种群结构以及相关机理尚不清楚。本项目主要利用静电场采集室内外不同环境中携带正负电荷生物气溶胶，研究其在不同环境中的浓度比例，通过基因扩增（PCR）、变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）和基因测序等手段研究其种群结构及电荷量与DltA-E基因表达相关性，结合革兰氏染色、选择性培养等方法对比研究在不同环境中携带正、负电荷细菌气溶胶中G+和G-的比例，间接阐述生物气溶胶细胞壁结构与其所带电荷电性的关系。本研究从分子水平上揭示生物气溶胶携带电荷量可能由基因表达控制的相关机理，为生物气溶胶的静电场采样、控制和暴露风险评估有效性提供技术依据，也为生物气溶胶的属性研究提供一种新方法。

中文关键词： 生物气溶胶；电荷；革兰氏阴性；革兰氏阳性；灰霾

英文摘要： Bioaerosol charge polarity, concentration level as well as their membrane types play important roles in their detection and adverse health effects, e.g., lung diseases and sick building syndrome (SBS). Although bioaerosol sampling by electrostatic means is extensively studied, bioaerosol concentration levels with different charge polarity, the percentages of Gram-positive (G+) and Gram-negative (G-) bacteria as well as the underlying mechanisms are not reported or less understood.Using electrostatic sampling, molecular biology (PCR and DGGE) as well as Gram stain and selective culturing methods, this project is designed to investigate the bioaerosol concentration levels with different charge polarity,the relationship between charge level and DltA-E gene expression, and the percentages of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in both positively and negatively charged particles.In additon, an understanding is to be developed regarding the relationship between airborne bacterial membrane types and charge polarity through electrostatic means. The results from this project are expected not only to provide insights about bioaerosols sampling, control and exposure assessments through electrostatic precipitation, but also to develop a novel method for studying bioaerosol characteristics. In addition, the results mig

英文关键词： Bioaerosol；Charge；Gram negative；Gram positive；Haze