小麦铜转运蛋白TaCT1在干旱胁迫响应和条锈病抗性过程中的功能和分子机制研究

项目名称： 小麦铜转运蛋白TaCT1在干旱胁迫响应和条锈病抗性过程中的功能和分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31471484

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 范仁春

作者单位： 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所

项目金额： 84万元

中文摘要： 在植物中，铜离子作为许多功能蛋白的辅因子参与多种重要的生理过程。在以前的研究中，我们在普通小麦中发现一类单子叶植物特有的新型铜离子转运蛋白家族TaCT1。功能分析证明，在过量铜离子胁迫情况下，TaCT1能够提高酵母和小麦细胞的铜离子转运能力，从而调控细胞中的铜离子平衡。我们最近的研究发现，TaCT1s基因的表达还受干旱胁迫和条锈菌侵染的调控。利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术降低TaCT1s基因的表达后，在PEG 6000模拟干旱处理下，小麦叶片的失水速率显著降低，生长状况明显优于对照；降低TaCT1基因的表达使小麦品种水源11丧失了对条锈菌小种CYR17的抗性。本研究拟在此工作的基础上，利用转录组测序及转基因等技术进一步研究TaCT1参与小麦干旱胁迫响应和条锈病抗性的生理过程和信号通路，揭示TaCT1基因在小麦响应干旱和条锈菌胁迫过程中的生物学功能和分子机制，并评价其育种应用价值。

中文关键词： 普通小麦；铜离子转运蛋白；干旱胁迫；条锈病抗性；信号通路

英文摘要： Copper (Cu) is one of essential micronutrient for organism. As a cofactor for many functional proteins, Cu is involved in a wide range of physiological processes such as photosynthesis, superoxide scavenging and oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, the homeostasis of Cu is vital to plant normal growth and development. In our previous studies, we identified a novel copper transporter family TaCT1 in common wheat. The predicted TaCT1 proteins contained 12 transmembrane domains and had typical features of major facilitator superfamily (MFS).The function analysis in yeast and wheat demonstrated that the TaCT1 facilitated Cu ion absorption and transport under the excessive Cu ion stress condition. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that the transcript levels of TaCT1s were up-regulated by PEG mimic drought and stripe rust fungus infection. Leaf water loss analysis revealed that the water loss rate of TaCT1 knocking down wheat seedlings was remarkably lower than the control ones. Corresponding to growing status, the fresh weight of seedlings with down-regulated TaCT1 expression was significantly higher than the control ones.After strip rust fungus infection, the wheat variety Suwon 11 seedlings knocking-down TaCT1 expression by BSMV-VIGS lost resistance to CYR17. These data provided preliminary evidences for copper transporter protein TaCT1 involving biotic and abiotic stresses. Based on the previous study, in this project, we plan to further analyze the biological function and signalling pathway of TaCT1 in drought tolerance and stripe rust resistance processes by RNA sequencing and transgenic technigues. The aims of this study are to explore the molecular mechanisms in wheat response to drought stress and stripe rust infection, and evaluate the breeding effictiveness of TaCT1.

英文关键词： common wheat;copper transporter;drought stress;stripe rust resistance;signaling pathway