基于纳米技术及核酸适体的电化学生物传感器的构建用于急性白血病早期诊断

项目名称： 基于纳米技术及核酸适体的电化学生物传感器的构建用于急性白血病早期诊断

项目编号： No.21275082

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王宗花

作者单位： 青岛大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 急性白血病对儿童身体健康的危害极大，其早期诊断对有效治疗具有十分重要的意义。在患病初期，极少量癌细胞会进入血液，有望进行检测从而辅助早期诊断，但检测方法需要极高灵敏度；另外，溶菌酶、γ干扰素等与癌症相关的物质也会发生变化，对它们的检测可辅助进行早期诊断及分型，但细胞及这些标志性物质的同时检测未见报道。本项目基于纳米技术和核酸适体识别技术，建立电化学生物传感器用于急性白血病早期诊断。针对灵敏度不足的问题，拟建立适体-磁性纳米粒子-核酸酶体系对癌细胞进行萃取富集，并构建多种电化学传感器实现血液中急性白血病癌细胞的高灵敏检测；针对同时检测的问题，构建适体-磁性纳米材料-酶切信号放大体系，实现溶菌酶、γ干扰素和癌细胞三种癌症相关物质的同时、高灵敏检测。此研究将促进急性白血病早期诊断及分型的发展，并丰富基于核酸适体和纳米技术的电化学生物传感体系的研究。

中文关键词： 电化学；生物传感器；纳米技术；核酸适体；白血病

英文摘要： Acute leukemia has done great harm to the children's health. Early diagnosis is of great importance for effective treatment. At the early stage of disease, a small amount of cancer cells can circulate into the blood, which can be detected for early diagnosis. Owing to the few cancer cells in blood, the methods used for determination needs high sensitivity. In addition, some compounds related to acute leukemia including lysozyme and gamma interferon will change at the early stage. And their global determination may be useful for the early diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia. However, there is no related report for the simultaneous determination of cancer cell, lysozyme and gamma interferon. In this project, electrochemical biosensors are established for the early diagnosis of acute leukemia based on the combination of nanotechnology and aptamer recognition. For the high sensitivity, a system consisted of aptamer- magnetic nanoparticles-nuclease would be established for the extraction and enrichment of cancer cells. Then various kinds of electrochemical sensors would be built for sensitive detection of cells. For the simultaneous determination, a system consisted of aptamer- magnetic nanomaterials-signal amplification with nuclease would be establish for the simultaneous and sensitive determination of c

英文关键词： Electrochemistry；Biosensor；Nanotechnology；Aptamer；Acute leukemia