基于碳酸酐酶催化特性的改进型胺溶液吸收二氧化碳过程反应机理及动力学研究

项目名称： 基于碳酸酐酶催化特性的改进型胺溶液吸收二氧化碳过程反应机理及动力学研究

项目编号： No.21476064

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 梁志武

作者单位： 湖南大学

项目金额： 98万元

中文摘要： 开发出一种吸收容量高、反应速率快、难降解、吸收焓低的二氧化碳（CO2）吸收溶剂对化学吸收法捕获CO2具有重大意义。传统的胺溶液具有较大的吸收容量，较快的吸收速率，但是吸收速率慢、产物易降解，吸收焓较高；而碳酸酐酶稳定性好，能够加快CO2的水合速率同时降低吸收焓，但价格较为昂贵。因此，开发出一种较为廉价而且具有良好吸收性能的吸收剂是一大挑战。本项目拟在新型叔胺和伯胺混合溶剂中加入碳酸酐酶，使三者相互作用所形成的新型改进型吸收剂既具有高的吸收容量同时具有较快的吸收速率和较低的解吸能耗。该研究拟通过核磁共振技术探讨碳酸酐酶催化混合胺溶液与CO2的反应机理，进而深入研究其吸收CO2过程的科学规律；同时还采用电化学快速停留技术揭示该反应过程的动力学规律，结合气液平衡模型，建立反应动力学模型。研究结果将为改进和设计新型的CO2吸收溶剂提供科学基础并为基于碳酸酐酶催化特性的改进型胺溶液的工业应用提供依据

中文关键词： CO2吸收；反应动力学；反应机理；绿色催化

英文摘要： The development of a high absorbent capacity, fast reaction rate, less volatile, low enthalpy of carbon dioxide absorption is a very interesting research direction in cabon dioxide capture. The conventional amine solution having a large capacity of carbon dioxide absorption, fast rates of absorption, however, easily volatile, higher absorption enthalpy; Carbonic anhydrase has a good stability in amine solution, can accelerate the rate of hydration and reduce the absorption of carbon dioxide enthalpy, but more expensive; therefore, it is a big challange to develop a relatively inexpensive and good absorption properties of the absorbent. The project intends to combine carbonic anhydrase with blended amine solution that is a mixture of new tertiary and primary amine solvents, allowing the formation of new improved absorbent, in of which the interacting of each other can improve the absorption capacity, also ,absorption rate as well as lower desorption energy consumption. The objective of this study is to investigate the catalytic reaction mechanism of carbonic anhydrase in blended amine solution by nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, then, in-depth study of scientific laws of carbon dioxide absorption process; while also reveals the feature of the reaction kinetics by use of electrochemical techniques, combined vapor-liquid equilibrium model and establish a new kinetic model. The results will provide scientific basis and theoretical basis for improvement or design of carnon dioxide ansorbents based on the catalytic properties of carbonic anhydrase in industrial application.

英文关键词： CO2 capture;Reaction kinetics;Reaction mechanism;Green catalysis