裙带菜高密度遗传连锁图谱的构建与性别决定位点的定位

项目名称： 裙带菜高密度遗传连锁图谱的构建与性别决定位点的定位

项目编号： No.41206142

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 海洋科学

项目作者： 单体锋

作者单位： 中国科学院海洋研究所

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 遗传连锁图谱的构建是基因定位、图位克隆、QTL 分析和标记辅助育种的前提。裙带菜作为我国最重要的经济海藻之一，其遗传连锁图谱尚未构建，这严重阻碍了裙带菜分子育种学的研究。同时，由于受限于核型研究的巨大困难，我们对裙带菜的性别决定分子机制了解甚少。高密度遗传连锁图谱的构建和性别决定位点的定位将为揭示裙带菜中是否存在性染色体提供遗传学依据。本项目拟在裙带菜中大量开发多态性高的SSR和SNP标记，采用群分法（BSA）的策略大量筛选与配子体性别相关的AFLP标记，并转化为SCAR标记；利用SSR、SNP以及性别相关的AFLP和SCAR标记构建裙带菜的高密度遗传连锁图谱和性别连锁群，对性别决定位点进行精细定位。本项目将为裙带菜的遗传学和分子育种学研究奠定基础，并为深入了解裙带菜乃至整个海带目褐藻的性别决定机制提供新的依据。

中文关键词： 海带目褐藻；遗传图谱；单核苷酸多态性；微卫星；性别决定机制

英文摘要： Construction of genetic linkage map is the prerequisite for gene location, map-based cloning, QTL analysis and marker assisted selection. Undaria pinnatifida is one of the most important commercial seaweeds of China, however, its genetic linkage map has not yet been constructed, which severely hinders the molecular breeding study of this seaweed. In addition, because of the huge difficulties in the karyotype study, little has been known about the sex-determining mechanism of this seaweed. Construction of high-density genetic linkage map and location of sex-determining locus will provide genetic evidence for whether there are sex chromosomes in U. pinnatifida. In this project, a large number of novel polymorphic SSR and SNP markers will be developed. A dozen of sex-linked AFLP markers will be identified by using the screening strategy of bulked segregant analysis and then converted to SCAR markers. A high-density genetic linkage map will be constructed by using SSR, SNP, as well as sex-linked AFLP and SCAR markers, and the position of the sex-determining locus is expected to be finely revealed in the high-density sex linkage group. The project will lay a foundation for genetic and molecular breeding studies of U. pinnatifida and shed light on deeply understanding the sex-determining mechanism of this seaweed, eve

英文关键词： kelp；genetic map；SNP；microsatellite；sex determining mechanism