项目名称: 扬子鳄种群进化历史及畸形衰退的分子机制
项目编号: No.31470438
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 万秋红
作者单位: 浙江大学
项目金额: 94万元
中文摘要: 化石表明,扬子鳄曾广泛分布于长江上、中、下游沿岸的山地丘陵(湿地)地区。然而,随着青藏高原的抬升,上游河床的海拔也随之升高,从而迫使上游地区的扬子鳄迁居至低海拔的中、下游地区栖息,形成了一个上-中-下游基因组融合的大种群,并在其基因组的进化历史上,留下了具有物种特异性的融合遗传印记。继后,人类持续的经济活动,早已使具有融合遗传印记的大种群沦为了仅隔离分布于浙江长兴和安徽宣城的2个濒危小种群,且种群之间已出现了形态特征的显著性分化(P < 0.05)和种群特异性的畸形衰退。鉴此,本项目拟利用地理种群基因组的高通量重测序技术(1)揭示我国现有的2个扬子鳄种群究竟在哪一历史节点上出现了分化,并经历了怎样的进化历史这一科学问题,(2)阐明导致浙江和安徽2个扬子鳄种群特异性畸形衰退的分子机制问题。相关科学问题的解决,期能为主管部门制定更加完善的扬子鳄物种保护策略提供科学依据。
中文关键词: 扬子鳄;进化历史;畸形衰退;分子机制
英文摘要: Fossils show that Chinese alligators were once distributed in the wetlands on the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Furthermore, the upper Yangtze River lies exactly in the Qinghai-Tibetan region. Thus, with uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the riverbed of the upper Yantze River raised too and the upper stream alligators was mixed with those living in the middle and lower Yangtze River. This species-specific population mixture event was successfully identified by the whole genome sequencing project of the Chinese alligator. Nevertheless, the sustaining economic activities have resulted in separation of the large originally-mixed one into two small populations, Zhejiang Changxing and Anhui Xuancheng, which has induced significant morphological differentiation (P < 0.05) and population-specific genetic depression. Therefore, objectives of this project are to unravel evolutionary histories of the Changxing and Xuancheng populations and reveal molecular mechanisms of population-specific tail malformations.These results will help to design scientific conservation strategies to ensure long-term survial of this endangered reptile.
英文关键词: Chinese alligator;population history;tail malformation;molecular mechanism