氮、钾肥料对再生水灌溉土壤重金属运移特性的影响及调控机制

项目名称： 氮、钾肥料对再生水灌溉土壤重金属运移特性的影响及调控机制

项目编号： No.51479201

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 樊向阳

作者单位： 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 随着水资源短缺矛盾不断加剧，作为替代水资源的再生水农业利用将日益受到重视。再生水灌溉重金属对食品和土壤生态安全的影响已成为研究热点。再生水灌溉下不同氮钾肥种类会影响重金属在土壤中的迁移转化，但其机理尚未明确，影响及调控机制也有待于深入研究。申请者前期研究发现施用不同氮钾再生水灌溉黑麦草对Cu、Cd吸收有显著差异，但机制尚不清楚。本研究将利用大田微区试验与土柱试验相结合的方法，以西红柿为研究对象，重点研究不同氮、钾肥种类及混施对再生水灌溉重金属在作物-土壤系统中赋存形态、迁转特性及对土壤微生态环境的影响，并通过土柱淋洗试验研究再生水灌溉重金属在土壤中迁移的动力学过程和其在土壤中的行为与归宿，阐明不同氮钾肥种类及交互作用对再生水重金属植物有效性的影响差异及机理，进而从理论上阐明施用氮钾肥对再生水灌溉土壤重金属迁移转化的调控机制。该研究将为再生水农业安全利用及生态环境保护提供新的理论基础。

中文关键词： 氮肥；钾肥；再生水；重金属；运移特征

英文摘要： Growing water shortages pose a growing threat to agricultural production safety, and rapid urbanization and industrialization releases enormous volumes of reclaimed wastewater, which is increasingly utilized as a valuable resource for irrigation in agriculture. The impact of heavy metals on the food safety and soil ecological safety under the effect of treated municipal wastewater becomes one of hot topics of the safe use of reclaimed wastewater in agriculture. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizer has a significant impact on transfers and transformations of heavy metals irrigated with reclaimed wastewater, but the mechanism has yet to be completely defined and there is a need for further study on the regulatory mechanism. Our previous research had suggested that different nitrogen and potassium fertilizers affect the Cu and Cd concentrations in ryegrass significantly under the effect of treated municipal wastewater, but the exact mechanisms are still unclear. Micro field plot experiment and soil column will be used to study the effect of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on transfers and transformations of heavy metals, micro-ecological environment. The soil heavy metals dynamic process of migration and the vertical transport characteristics will be studied through soil column method, in order to expound the regulatory mechanism of nitrogen, potassium fertilizer and their interaction effect on transfers and transformations of heavy metals irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. This study will provide a solid new theoretical foundation for the safe use of reclaimed wastewater in agriculture and the eco-environmental protection.

英文关键词： nitrogen fertilizer;potassium fertilizer;reclaimed wastewater;heavy metals;migration characteristics