铱单晶的取向生长与形变机制研究

项目名称： 铱单晶的取向生长与形变机制研究

项目编号： No.U1202273

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 罗锡明

作者单位： 昆明贵金属研究所

项目金额： 230万元

中文摘要： 本项目拟针对不同取向铱单晶的生长与控制、铱单晶脆性解理机制等科学问题，开展电子束悬浮区域熔炼（EBFZM）铱单晶的晶体取向生长控制及形变机制的研究。项目在分析难熔金属单晶晶体生长的基础上，采用EBFZM技术和单晶生长中的籽晶法来研究铱单晶不同取向之间的竞争生长规律、缺陷形成机制，揭示铱单晶取向生长动力学规律，建立理论模型，为其它难熔贵金属单晶的取向生长控制提供理论指导。在此基础上，进一步开展不同取向铱单晶的形变机制研究，探讨铱单晶本征脆断解理本质，为获得塑性良好的铱单晶，扩大其应用奠定基础。项目研究能推动和发展贵金属单晶的晶体生长和缺陷控制理论，制备出的贵金属单晶铱能高效服役于我国的航空航天、兵器、化工等领域。通过本项目的研究，可进一步提高云南贵金属材料的深加工技术，促进云南贵金属材料产业的发展，对云南经济、社会可持续发展具有重要科学意义和现实价值。

中文关键词： 铱单晶;晶体取向生长;电子束悬浮区域熔炼;形变机制;力学性能

英文摘要： This project will do research on the oriented crystal growth controlling and deformation mechanisms of monocrystal Iridium during electron beam floating zone melting(EBFZM), aiming at explaining scientific problems including the crystal growth controlling of the monocrystal Iridium with different orientations and cleavage fracture mechanisms of monocrystal Iridium. Based on the analyses of single crystal growth of there fractory metals, the project will adopt EBFZM technology and seeding technique in single crystal growth to research on the rules of the competitive growth between different orientations and defect formation mechanisms of monocrystal Iridium, in order to reveal the dynamics of the oriented growth of monocrystal Iridium, build the theoretical model and thus providing a theoretical guide for the oriented growth of other refractory noble metals. On that basis, the project will then perform a further research on deformation mechanisms of monocrystal Iridium with different orientations and discuss the nature of the intrinsic cleavage fracture of monocrystal Iridium, to lay the foundations to expand the applications. The project can promote and develop the theories of crystal growth and defect controllingof noble metal single crystals, and produce monocrystal Iridium with good plasticity, which can serve in fields such as national aerospace, weapons, and chemical industry efficiently. Also this project is going to improve deep processing technologies for noble metals and promote the development of noble material industry in Yunnan, which will have important scientific significance and realistic values for the sustainable development of Yunnan Province.

英文关键词： monocrystal Iridium;oriented crystal growth;EBFZM;Deformation mechanisms;Mechanical properties