C/C复合材料预制体中碳纳米管可控生长与强韧机制

项目名称： C/C复合材料预制体中碳纳米管可控生长与强韧机制

项目编号： No.U1435202

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 李贺军

作者单位： 西北工业大学

项目金额： 140万元

中文摘要： 针对碳/碳(C/C)复合材料基体碳强度低、脆性大及其导致的材料抗层间剪切强度差，尖角、锐形、薄壁区域力学性能薄弱等问题，本项目提出一种多尺度增强方法，即在碳纤维预制体中原位生长“形性”可控的碳纳米管(CNT)，围绕CNT生长机理、均匀性分布控制及强韧化机制开展深入研究工作，旨在借助“形性”可控CNT与碳纤维的协同增强增韧，实现C/C复合材料的性能提升与调控。拟系统研究CNT在C/C复合材料预制体中的形核机制和生长过程，揭示不同 “形性”CNT的生长机理，实现其可控生长，阐明CNT对C/C复合材料致密化过程和碳基体微观结构的影响规律，揭示C/C复合材料中CNT与碳纤维的协同强韧化机制，为航空航天用高强韧C/C复合材料的制备奠定理论基础，同时发展复合材料的设计和强韧化理论。

中文关键词： 碳/碳复合材料；碳纳米管；形貌和结构；；可控生长；；强韧化

英文摘要： The low strength and great brittleness of carbon matrix result in the weak interlaminar shearing resistance and unsatisfied mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites (C/Cs), especially for the aculeated or thin C/C parts. In order to resolve these problems, this project proposes the idea about applying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with controllable morphology and microstructure as the secondary reinforcements to stiffen and toughen carbon matrix, which are in-situ grown in the performs of C/C composites by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD). The final aim is to improve and control the mechanical property of carbon fiber-based multiscale hybrid C/Cs, i.e. CNT-C/Cs. This project will be focused on the process mechanism of CNT nucleation and growth in the complicated carbon fiber preform based on the CCVD monitoring technology and the interaction among CNT growth and the structure of carbon fiber perform and CCVD parameters. Based on this research, the theoretical and technological base for the active control of CNT morphology and microstructure, and the uniform CNT growth in large-sized carbon fiber preform with complicated structures will be founded. Furthermore, the general law of action between CNTs and mechanical properties of C/Cs will be explored through investigating the effects CNTs with different morphologies and microstructures on the densificaton process, the microstructures, the micro-mechanical and macro-mechanical properties of C/Cs and the related mechanism will be established, which will be used as the guidance for the optimization of the morphology and microstructure parameters of CNTs based on the design and regulation of the service behavior of CNT-C/Cs. The present work will provide a meaningful way for the development of C/Cs with high strength and excellent toughness, and also enrich the design and reinforcement theory of carbon fiber-based multi-scale composites.

英文关键词： C/C composites;carbon nanotubes;morphology and microstructure;controlled growth;strengthening and toughening