产甲烷条件下烷烃降解菌群的结构与功能

项目名称： 产甲烷条件下烷烃降解菌群的结构与功能

项目编号： No.31200101

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 微生物学、植物学

项目作者： 王立影

作者单位： 华东理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 石油烃厌氧降解转化为甲烷的生物反应过程为提高石油采收率及油污染环境的生物修复提供了新思路。本项目针对石油烃厌氧降解产甲烷的分子机制，在前期已构建的石油烃厌氧降解产甲烷体系的基础上，引入13C 稳定同位素标记技术，进一步深入研究产甲烷条件下烷烃降解菌群的结构与功能。以13C 标记为导向，通过构建13C16 烷烃厌氧降解产甲烷体系建立烷烃厌氧降解产甲烷过程与其转化功能菌群之间的联系，基于被标记的13C-DNA中16S rRNA 基因序列的分析，确定烷烃厌氧降解产甲烷菌群结构；通过对13C-DNA 中全基因组序列的生物学功能的研究，获得产甲烷条件下烷烃降解菌群代谢功能和降解途径的信息，探索石油烃厌氧降解产甲烷的分子调控机制，为提高石油烃厌氧转化的速率和效率的分子调控奠定理论基础。

中文关键词： 烷烃；厌氧培养；群落结构；产甲烷；调控机制

英文摘要： The conversion of hydrocarbon to methane by anaerobic microorganisms would provide novel insights for enhance the recovery of energy assets as biogenic methane from residual oils stranded in petroleum systems and remediation of hydrocarbon contamination in anoxic environments. Thus this project is designed to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism responsible for methanogenic hydrocarbon degradation. The experiment will mainly be based on the previous research on our "methanogenic alkanes degrading enrichment ", in which 13C isotope labeling techniques will be introduced to further study the community structure and function involved in hydrocarbon degradation under methanogenic conditions. Stable isotope probing with 13C hexadecane will be used to establish the linking microbial community function to phylogeny that are involved in hexadecane degradation under methanogenic conditions. The phylogenetic composition and structure of microbial communities will be identified by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene from stable-isotope-labeled DNA. The information of metabolism and degradation pathway involved in community structure will be acquired through reconstruction of microbial genomes from stable-isotope-labeled DNA. Analysis of the gene complement for each organism will reveal the molecular regulatory mechani

英文关键词： alkanes；anaerobic culture；microbial community；methanogenesis；regulatory mechanism