薄膜太阳能电池无镉缓冲层锌基纳米晶薄膜的机理研究及性能调控

项目名称： 薄膜太阳能电池无镉缓冲层锌基纳米晶薄膜的机理研究及性能调控

项目编号： No.61504034

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 黄延伟

作者单位： 杭州电子科技大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： CIGS薄膜太阳电池缓冲层通常是采用化学浴沉积法(CBD)制备的CdS薄膜，这与新型能源材料追求的高效、低成本以及环保的特点不符，湿式溶液生长缓冲层CdS不仅存在潜在毒害，而且在生长过程中必须引入高碱性废液处理，势必增加制造成本，因此开展新型缓冲层替代CdS膜的研究成为国内外相关研究的热点。申请人基于采用比CdS带隙更宽的材料、透过由CdS膜吸收的短波(520 nm以下)、增加CIGS吸收层光电转换产生的光电流这一特点，提出以环保型材料Zn基纳米晶薄膜为缓冲层，重点研究其光学特性、导电性、载流子输运机制以及与吸收层、窗口层之间存在的界面作用机理，研究Zn在吸收层中的扩散机制，降低缺陷复合，提高光量子效率，采用物理气相沉积实现Zn基纳米晶缓冲层薄膜的低温可控干法制备，并应用到CIGS薄膜电池中对其性能进行研究，建立缓冲层薄膜的性能变化、有效界面以及载流子输运特征对电池性能的影响规律。

中文关键词： 薄膜太阳能电池；透明导电氧化物薄膜；缓冲层；磁控溅射；吸收层

英文摘要： Chemical bath deposition (CBD) is a common method for the deposition of CdS buffer layers in chalcopyrite solar cells. However, because of both environmental reasons and the fact that CdS layer with a band-gap energy of about 2.4 ~ 2.5 eV limits the level of optimum performance of the cells, especically in the short wavelengths domain, one of the major objectives in the field of CIGS technology remains the development and implementation in the production line of Cd-free alternative buffer layers. Besides, the wet solution method to prepare CdS buffer layers also increases the cost in production of thin films solar cells dealing with Cd-content wastewater. Therefore, it has attracted more and more attention in the whole world to explore novel buffer layer materials replacing the CdS. In a chalcopyrite cell, the environmentally friendly material Zn-based thin films can well satisfy the requires of buffer layers in CIGS thin films devices. As the buffer layer, Zn-based film not only is the eco-friendly material, but also possesses the larger energy gap which can match well the absorber layer. Based on the prospects for mass-production of CIGS thin films solar cell, this project put forward the method suitable to produce low-cost, large area buffer layer thin films: physical vapro deposition of Zn-based buffer layers thin films. We will focus these points: investigate the effects on Zn-based thin film properties by the different parameters in the preparing process; establish the relationships between the buffer layer and cells properties; explore the interface issues between buffer layer and absorber layer, buffer layer and window layer; open out the relationships between interface properties and the whole cells performancea and so on. Moreover, this project offers one whole set of dry vacuum process to prepare the CIGS thin films solar cell which is valuable in practical application.

英文关键词： Thin film solar cell;Transparent conductive oxide thin film;Buffer layer;Magnetron sputtering;Absorber