谷子光周期、温度敏感性及相关性状的全基因组关联分析

项目名称： 谷子光周期、温度敏感性及相关性状的全基因组关联分析

项目编号： No.31471569

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 贾小平

作者单位： 河南科技大学

项目金额： 60万元

中文摘要： 谷子属于短日照喜温作物，对光周期和温度反应敏感是导致其生态适应性狭窄的重要因素。光温反应属于数量性状，遗传基础复杂，而基于自然群体和连锁不平衡的关联分析是植物数量性状基因定位和克隆的重要方法之一。本研究设置不同的光周期和温度条件，对100份谷子关联群体材料的抽穗期、株高、叶片数、穗长等11个性状进行鉴定，系统评价群体材料的光周期敏感性和温度敏感性，明确适合谷子光周期敏感性鉴定的指标，揭示抽穗期、株高、叶片数、穗长等性状对光周期、温度反应敏感性强弱顺序；开展SSR、SNP标记与光周期、温度敏感性及相关性状全基因组关联分析，定位光周期、温度敏感性及相关性状QTL，系统剖析谷子光温反应敏感性的遗传基础；通过与玉米、水稻比较基因组研究揭示C3植物与C4植物光温调控机制的异同；克隆重要光温敏感性相关候选基因，开发光温钝感广生态适应性功能标记，为谷子广生态适应性标记辅助选择育种开展奠定基础。

中文关键词： 分子标记；关联分析；SNP；光周期

英文摘要： Foxtail millet belongs to short-day, thermophilic crops, sensitivity to photoperiod and temperature is an important factor for its narrow ecological adaptability. responsiveness to photoperiod and temperature is quantitative trait, with complicated genetic foundation. Association analysis based on nature population and linkage disequilibrium is one of the important methods for QTL locating and clone. In this study, different photoperiod and temperature conditions were set to identify heading stage, plant height, total leaves, spike length and so on totally 11 traits of 100 foxtail millet cultivars. After that, photoperiod and temperature sensitivity of the 100 foxtail millet cultivars were evaluated to make clear the suitable index for photoperiod sensivity and the sensivity order of heading stage, plant height, total leaves, spike length and so on to photoperiod and temperature. Genome-wide association analysis of SSR and SNP markers with photoperiod, temperature sensitivity and related traits was performed to locate QTLs. The genetic foundation underlying sensitivity to photoperiod and temperature was analysized systematically. The similarities and differences of photoperiod and temperature regulation mechanism between C3 and C4 crops was discovered by comparative genomics analysis of QTLs related to photoperiod and temperature among foxtail millet, maize and rice. Finally, the important candidate genes related to photoperiod and temperature sensitivity were cloned and wide-ecological adaptability functional markers were developed. This study provided foundation for wide-ecological adaptability breeding in foxtail millet.

英文关键词： Molecular marker;Association analysis;SNP;Photoperiod