项目名称: 毛果杨KTI蛋白酶抑制剂基因家族的分离及其抗病抗虫机制的研究
项目编号: No.30800875
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2009
项目学科: 生物科学
项目作者: 王洁华
作者单位: 天津大学
项目金额: 22万元
中文摘要: 杨树是世界上分布最广、适应性最强的树种,是我国重要的速生用材树种之一。然而,随着环境的不断恶化,自然灾害的频繁发生,杨树生产受到病虫害等自然逆境的严重制约。利用生物工程方法培育具有抗病抗虫能力的林木新品种是控制森林害虫的重要途径。2006年,随着杨树全基因组计划的完成,杨树作为研究木本植物的模式物种在新基因发现及基因功能研究方面得到广泛应用。本课题将在毛果杨全基因组范围内系统地分离一类重要的植物防御蛋白-Kunitz型胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因家族,并通过克隆相应的功能基因、研究基因表达调控机制、及利用转基因手段验证基因功能等方法确立杨树KTI基因家族的功能多样性及其抗病抗虫作用机制,从而更好的理解杨树在外界生物压力下的生长和发育规律,为今后在分子水平上进行林木物种的遗传改良,提高其抗病虫害能力奠定基础,同时对于进一步保护森林与环境,实现生态环境的可持续性发展具有重大意义。
中文关键词: 毛果杨;全基因组;蛋白酶抑制剂;基因家族;抗病虫害
英文摘要: As the world's most widely distributed and the most adaptable species, poplar is an important fast-growing timber species. However, with the deteriorating environment, the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, diseases and insect pests, poplar production in natural environment has been seriously restricted. The use of bio-engineering methods to cultivate disease- and insect-resistant poplar tree varieties has become an important way to combat with forest pest and pathogens. In 2006, with the finish of poplar genome project, poplar has been recognized as a model system for study of woody species in the new gene discovery and gene functions. Focusing on Populus trichocarpa in a genome-wide scope, we will systematically separate a class of important plant defense protein-Kunitz trypsin inhibitor gene family, and through cloning the corresponding gene family members, study the function and regulation of gene expression mechanisms in order to establish functional diversity of the poplar KTI gene family and clarify its role in insect resistance mechanisms. This project will give out a better understanding of how poplar grows under bio-pressure and provide a basis for genetic improvement at the molecular level. Construction of poplar trees more resistant to diseases and insect pests will improve their antibiotic ability and lay the foundation for the further protection of both the forest trees and the ecological environment in order to achieve sustainable development.
英文关键词: Populus trichocarpa; whole genome; proteinase inhibitor; gene family; anti-pathogen and anti-herbivore