Zr基非晶合金耐中子辐照性的微观机理研究

项目名称： Zr基非晶合金耐中子辐照性的微观机理研究

项目编号： No.51471088

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 杨亮

作者单位： 南京航空航天大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 目前，我国核能发展方兴未艾，核反应堆的安全和高效运行至关重要。核反应堆多选用各种晶态合金材料作为部件材料，但在经受长期中子辐照后均存在微观、介观甚至宏观结构变异以及性能失效等问题，从而影响部件材料甚至反应堆的服役寿命。该现象的根本原因在于受辐照激发原子的随机迁移性与晶体内部结构的有序性之间存在矛盾。而作为新型的合金类材料，非晶合金具有类似玻璃的无序态结构特征，上述矛盾可望得以弱化甚至避免，从而可能具有良好的耐辐照性。本申请课题拟选用Zr基非晶合金材料，利用同步辐射技术对其进行结构标定和建模，再利用粒子输运技术模拟中子辐照条件，在分子动力学的计算框架下（可加入温度和压力等势场），研究结构模型的微观原子结构演化，重点探索受辐照激发原子引起的微观缺陷的萌生、发展与变化，从而揭示其耐中子辐照能力与形成机制。本工作立足于利用结构调控的研究思路，可望为新型耐中子辐照的合金材料的制备和筛选提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 非晶合金；耐中子辐照；微观结构；同步辐射技术；模拟

英文摘要： China has largely developed its own nuclear industry since the begging of the 21 century to satisfy the demand for more energy. It is very important to run the nuclear reactors efficiently and safely. So far, various crystalline alloys are largely applied in the reactors, serving as nuclear materials. However, these alloys suffer from the neutron radiation during the long-term service that their structures are destroyed at the micro-, meso- and macroscopic-scales, resulting in the failure of their properties. The essential reason for this phenomenon is that there is a conflict between the random motion of the excited atoms induced by neutron radiation and the long-range ordering in the crystalline alloys. This conflict is supposed to be avoided in amorphous alloys, because such glassy materials have no long-range orderings at all. In other words, the amorphous alloys are expected to have perfect resistance of the neutron radiation. In this proposal, the Zr-based amorphous alloys will be selected as the prototype to research their resistance of the neutron radiation. The state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation-based experiments coupled with simulations will be applied to build the structural models of the selected Zr-based amorphous alloys. The combination of the particle transport technique and the molecular dynamics calculation will be carried out to simulate the effect of materials radiated by the neutrons, from which the structural evolution of the models can be probed. In particular, the initiation, spread and annihilation of the defects caused by the radiation-excited atoms will be focused on. Understanding the mechanism of the resistance of neutron radiation in amorphous alloys is expected, which may guide the development and preparation of nuclear materials with high resistance of neutron radiation in alloy systems.

英文关键词： amorphous alloy;resistance of neutron radiation;microstructure;synchrotron radiation;modeling