新型螯合性表面活性剂淋洗修复重金属-有机物复合污染土壤的作用机制

项目名称： 新型螯合性表面活性剂淋洗修复重金属-有机物复合污染土壤的作用机制

项目编号： No.41261077

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 赵保卫

作者单位： 兰州交通大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 在土壤环境所发生的污染中,重金属-有机物复合污染是一种比较普遍的现象。但现有修复技术多针对单一类型污染，迫切需要研发复合污染土壤的修复技术。针对表面活性剂、螯合剂洗脱土壤有机污染物和重金属存在的问题，本项目拟选用同时具有增溶和螯合能力的增效试剂-螯合性表面活性剂，系统研究溶液体系下其对菲、芘、苯并[a]芘等有机物的增溶作用及对Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn等重金属的螯合作用、影响因素及机理；研究其在土壤（黄土）表面的吸附行为及其对复合污染土壤中有机污染物和重金属的洗脱作用、影响因素及机制，探寻洗脱作用的构效关系；探明在动态非平衡条件下螯合性表面活性剂对有机污染物和重金属的洗脱效率、影响因素及规律，建立相应的预测模型，有效调控洗脱过程。旨在以单一增效试剂同时有效洗脱去除土壤中的重金属和有机污染物，为拟定经济、高效、安全的重金属-有机物复合污染土壤原位淋洗和异位清洗技术提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 化学修复；重金属；有机物；表面活性剂；淋洗

英文摘要： The combined pollution of heavy metals and organic compounds is very common in the contaminated soils. However, the current techniques to remediate soils always focus on the removal of one type contaminants. It is urgent to study and develop some techniques for the combined contaminated soils. In view of existing situation where organic contaminants in soils are removed with surfactants and heavy metals are removed with chelating agents, a kind of novel ehancing agent with the abilities to solubilize organic compounds and chelate heavy metals, the chelating surfactants, are slected and the objectives of our project are 1) to test the solubilization of organic compounds (phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene) and the chelation of heavy metals (copper, cadmium, lead and zinc) using the chelating surfactants in the solution systems and illustrate the factors in and mechanisms on solubilization and chelation; 2) to investigate the adsorption of the chelating surfactants onto soil (loess soil) and find out the washing efficiencies of heavy metals and organic compounds, the factors in the washing process and the mechanisms on washing of heavy metals and organic compounds while the chelating surfactants are used in water-soil systems; 3) to explore the column flushing efficiencies of heavy metals and organic compound

英文关键词： Chemical remediation；heavy metal；organic compound；surfactant；flushing/washing