农药残留快速检测适配体传感器构建中的关键问题

项目名称： 农药残留快速检测适配体传感器构建中的关键问题

项目编号： No.31471641

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 王相友

作者单位： 山东理工大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 目前农药残留快速检测方法如酶联免疫试剂盒、免疫传感器等分析方法均使用抗体进行检测。抗体筛选和制备周期长，重复使用受限，制约了免疫分析方法发展。本项目针对农药快速检测免疫分析方法存在的问题，拟以适配体代替抗体，研究适配体传感器农药残留快速检测新方法。拟研究电化学体系适配体与农药作用前后的空间构象，明确电化学体系适配体和农药识别机理，设计适合电化学体系的农药适配体结构。研究电化学体系适配体和农药相互作用的动力学过程，建立农药与适配体作用的动力学模型，明确电化学体系适配体和农药电化学反应机理，改善适配体靶向识别能力。研究电化学体系传感界面适配体负载量与农药识别能力关系，获得表面密度与取向可控的适配体固定方法，提高适配体传感器重现性与稳定性。以上研究为建立高灵敏、高通量、高选择性农药残留快速检测技术提供理论指导和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 农药残留；快速检测；适配体；传感器

英文摘要： At present, there are many methods of rapid detection for pesticide residues. Particularly, the immunoassay methods, such as ELISA and immunosensor, are based on the antibodies. However, the period of antibody screening and preparation is time-consuming, and its reuse is limited, which restricts the development of immunoassay methods. Considering the problems of the rapid detection of pesticide based on immunoassay in this project, we will put forward the thought that the aptamers are used for replacing the antibodies to study the new aptasensors for rapid detection of pesticide residues. After studying the spatial conformation between aptamers and pesticides under an electrochemical system, we will identify the recognition mechanism between them,and then design the structure of aptamers suitable for the electrochemical system. Meanwhile the reaction kinetics process between aptamers and pesticides will be studied as well. A reaction kinetics model will be established and an electrochemical reaction mechanism will be found, thus a target recognition ability between them will be improved. By studying the relationships between the loading capacity and the pesticides recognition capacity which lies on the sensing interface, we will acquire the immobilization methods of aptamers with its controllable surface density and orientation,by which the reproducibility and stability of the aptamer biosensors will be improved.It is extpected that the studies will provide a theoretic guide and technical support to establish a rapid method for the detection of pesticide residues with high sensitivity, high through-put and selectivity.

英文关键词： pesticide residues;rapid detection;aptamer;sensor