基于市场的城市交通排放控制策略研究

项目名称： 基于市场的城市交通排放控制策略研究

项目编号： No.71271112

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 徐薇

作者单位： 南京大学

项目金额： 40.2万元

中文摘要： 机动车尾气排放是城市大气污染物的主要来源之一。机动车的大量使用不仅带来严重的交通拥挤问题，同时导致城市环境和空气质量持续恶化。本项目拟基于行为决策理论，分析居民出行行为与城市交通排放之间的影响关系，挖掘包含环境外部成本的个体出行决策规则。在此基础上，建立考虑环境因素的各类道路收费模型，探讨不同收费方式对城市交通排放和居民出行选择行为的影响。然后借鉴排污权交易思想，提出基于可交易排放许可证制度的城市交通污染控制策略。对排放许可证的分配、交易和监管机制等进行较为系统的研究。同时，借助计算机模拟仿真技术，探索许可证交易市场均衡与城市交通网络均衡之间的相互影响以及演化机理。最后，对不同调控策略的实施效率进行评估，探讨如何综合运用道路收费和可交易排放许可证这两种市场化的调控手段来有效降低城市交通污染，为帮助政府实现节能减排目标，建设可持续发展的城市交通体系提供科学决策的依据。

中文关键词： 出行行为；尾气排放；道路收费；可交易许可证；效率损失

英文摘要： Motor vehicle exhaust emissions are a major source of the urban air pollutants. The extensive use of motor car not only leads to serious traffic congestion problems, at the same time, it also causes the continued deterioration of the urban environment and air quality.The project is supposed to be based on behavioral decision theory and analyses the relationship between the residents' travel behavior and the urban traffic emissions. It also digs out the individual travel decision-making rules which include the environmental external costs. Based on this, the project creates the considerable environmental factors of all kinds of road pricing model, and explores the impact of the different charges on urban traffic emissions and residents' travel choice behavior. Afterwards, the project draws the trading idea of the emissions rights to propose the urban traffic pollution control strategy, which is based on the system of the tradable emissions permit. Additionally, the project includes more systematic study of the allocation, trading and regulatory mechanisms of emissions permits. Meanwhile, with the computer simulation technology, it explores the interaction between the equilibrium of the permit market and the urban traffic network, and the evolution mechanism as well. Finally, the project assesses the efficiency of

英文关键词： Travel Behavior；Traffic Emissions；Road Pricing；Tradable Permits；Efficiency Loss