采用多模态磁共振技术研究知觉学习干预成人弱视的神经环路可塑性机制

项目名称： 采用多模态磁共振技术研究知觉学习干预成人弱视的神经环路可塑性机制

项目编号： No.81501942

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 鹿麒麟

作者单位： 中国科学技术大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 弱视是一种常见的视神经系统发育疾病，传统疗法无法改善成年弱视患者的视功能。近年来，视知觉学习被应用到成年弱视患者的治疗中，但其神经机制仍不清晰。研究发现，知觉学习带来的行为表现提高主要基于高级皮层通过选择注意对初级知觉皮层的调控。因此，我们提出神经环路当中脑区间相互作用的改变，可能是视知觉学习改善成年弱视患者视功能的神经学基础。动态因果模型是一种研究脑区间相互作用的功能磁共振有效连通分析方法，生物运动的加工同时依赖于腹侧和背侧视觉通路，这使同时研究弱视患者两条视觉通路脑区间的交互作用成为可能。我们拟进行以下两个实验，1）通过动态因果模型研究弱视患者执行不同噪声水平下的生物运动辨别任务，以研究弱视的神经环路损伤机制。2）在1个月的知觉学习训练后，采用相同的实验方法研究知觉学习改善弱视患者视功能的神经环路机制。本研究对进一步揭示弱视损伤及其干预恢复机制有着重要的理论意义和临床应用价值。

中文关键词： 神经可塑性；知觉学习；弱视；磁共振成像；有效连接

英文摘要： Amblyopia, a common disorder with neural development deficit, is untreatable on adult patients with traditional therapies. Recently, visual perceptual learning has been applied to improve amblyope’s vision, and achieved positive effects. Revealing the neural mechanism of this therapy is important for its generalization. It is believed that the attentional regulation from high-order cortex improved the performance of primary perceptual cortex. Thus, we hypothesis that alterations of interactions among brain regions on neural circuit might underlie perceptual learning therapy on amblyopia. Dynamic causing modeling, which has been used to identify the abnormal brain connectivity in patients, provides a tool to investigate neural circuit. Based on our previous behavior study which demonstrates that training in contrast detection can improve motion perception in amblyopia, we plan to start two experiments. Firstly, the neural circuit deficit of performance on biological motion in amblyopia will be investigated by dynamic causing modeling. Secondly, the alternations of amblyope’s neural circuit induced by contrast detection perceptual learning will be studied with the same task. This research will have great theoretical and applied values for uncovering the neural mechanism on amblyopia and its therapy by perceptual learning.

英文关键词： Neural plasticity;Perceptual Learning;Amblyopia;MRI;effective connectivity