听皮层发育过程中兴奋和抑制的进行性平衡及机制研究

项目名称： 听皮层发育过程中兴奋和抑制的进行性平衡及机制研究

项目编号： No.31271177

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 熊鹰

作者单位： 中国人民解放军第三军医大学

项目金额： 87万元

中文摘要： 听皮层每一神经元同时接收到其他神经元的兴奋和抑制信号,这两种信号通过相互拮抗实现对言语和听觉信息的协调处理，但是在发育过程中听皮层兴奋和抑制信号的平衡是在何时以何种方式建立并如何发生变化的，目前并不清楚，尤其是有关兴奋和抑制平衡建立的关键时间点、丘脑-皮层输入信息的影响以及皮层各层的发育差异等问题仍然了解很少。此外，与听皮层可塑性相关的中脑腹侧被盖区（VTA）是否参与调控听皮层兴奋和抑制的平衡目前也未见报道.这些问题的阐明对于我们理解听觉信息的处理以及听力和言语发育障碍的神经机制具有重要意义。因此，本项目拟采用在体细胞内和细胞外记录、膜片钳记录和免疫组化等技术，通过观察不同发育时期大鼠听皮层兴奋和抑制的动态变化，在细胞水平阐明听皮层发育过程中兴奋和抑制进行性平衡的机制及相关影响因素，以期为理解听觉信息处理和可塑性机制以及临床上与发育相关的言语和听力障碍疾病提供新的实验证据。

中文关键词： 听觉；听皮层；兴奋；抑制；感受野

英文摘要： Auditory cortex neurons receive excitatory and inhibitory signals from other neurons,these two opposite signals work together to carry out the speech and auditory information processing.Until now,it is unclear when and how does the excitation and inhibition balance establish,especially we have little knowledge about the key time point of the balance,developmental change of thalamocortical inputs and cortex layers. In addition, we also don't know if the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) which is involved in the regulation of auditory cortex plasticity contributes to the balance of cortical excitation and inhibition. Clarification of these issues will be very important for our understanding of the neural mechanisms of auditory information processing as well as hearing and speech development disorders. Therefore, this project is aim to investigate the ongoing balance of excitation and inhibition of auditory cortex during development using in vivo intracellular and extracellular recording, patch clamp recording, microinjection, immunohistochemistry and other technique, to understand the cellular mechanism of excitatory and inhibitory balance in primary auditory cortex, in order to provide new experimental evidence for understanding auditory information processing， plasticity ，clinical and developmental speech a

英文关键词： audition；auditory cortex；excitation；inhibition；receptive field