项目名称: 基于介观模型的大型建筑物中行人疏散行为和策略
项目编号: No.71261016
项目类型: 地区科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 管理科学
项目作者: 郭仁拥
作者单位: 内蒙古大学
项目金额: 35万元
中文摘要: 本项目拟利用动态系统理论,结合数学规划、排队论、统计学和行为科学等有关知识,建立介于网络和区域之间的行人移动演化模型,来刻画大型建筑物中行人的疏散过程。并组织行人疏散实验,观察其中行人行为,提取行人移动轨迹、疏散时间、选择路径等数据。利用这些行为和数据来验证和校正理论模型。主要工作分三部分:(1)建立行人介观模型体系结构;(2)研究行人在路径选择和穿越瓶颈过程中所表现的特有疏散行为和策略;(3)分析行人视线受阻、处于陌生环境以及处于具有内部障碍环境时所表现的疏散行为和特征。旨在为大型建筑物的安全设计及其中行人疏散策略的制定提供理论依据,以达到降低事故发生机率,减小行人疏散损失的目的。
中文关键词: 行人交通流;疏散;路径选择;瓶颈;
英文摘要: In the project, a class of mesoscopic models will be proposed to formulate the evacuation process of pedestrians in large-scale builidings using the knowledge of dynamical system, mathematical programming, queueing theory, statistics, and behavior science. A group of experiments, on which pedestrians evacuate from these buildings, will be conducted to observe the behaviors of pedestrians and extract such data as moving trajectories, evacuation times and route choice. These behaviors and data are used to validate and calibrate these theoretical models. We mainly focus on three tasks: (1) develop the system architecture of the mesoscopic models; (2) investigate the behaviors and strategies of pedestrians during route choice and bottleneck crossing; (3) analyze the behaviors and properties of pedestrians in evacuation under conditions of poor visibility, evacuation in unfamiliar surroundings, and evacuation in surroundings with obstacles. We believe that these works are helpful for lowering the probability occuring accident in these buildings and improving evacuation procedures and relevant regulations.
英文关键词: Pedestrian flow;evacuation;route choice;bottleneck;