项目名称: 机载LiDAR支持下矿业城市LUCC水文效应模拟
项目编号: No.U1304402
项目类型: 联合基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 于海洋
作者单位: 河南理工大学
项目金额: 30万元
中文摘要: 矿业城市受到矿山开发与城市扩张的双重影响,土地利用/覆被时空变化快,生态破坏严重,水环境问题尤为突出。项目拟以煤矿城市河南省鹤壁市为研究区,利用HSPF分布式水文模型模拟分析土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应。针对模型构建中数据精度以及空间尺度问题,将机载LiDAR技术引入到水文分析与模型参数的获取中,研究LiDAR数据流域水文特征提取方法,探讨不同DEM数据在流域的水系特征提取、空间离散分析中的多尺度效应;研究LiDAR数据水力参数、植被参数、地表覆被信息提取及其在HSPF模型中的输入修正方法,提高水文模型模拟精度;拓展HSPF水文模型实现矿山开采水文效应模拟,分析流域径流对土地利用/覆被变化及矿山开采的响应机理,基于生态空间理论原则提出研究区土地利用优化建议和水资源最佳管理措施。项目成果将促进LiDAR技术在水文研究中的应用,并为研究区土地利用规划、水资源管理和矿区生态环境治理提供技术支持。
中文关键词: 激光雷达;水文模型;土地利用/覆被变化;水文效应;水资源管理
英文摘要: The ecological environment of the mining cities, affected by the double impact of mine exploitation and urbanization, has been seriously damaged with fast spatial and temporal changes of land use/land cover, and water environment is particularly prominent. The project plans to select the mining city Hebi as study area, and use HSPF distributed hydrological model to simulate the hydrological effects of land use/land cover change (LUCC). To improve data accuracy of HSPF and analyze of spatial scales problem in model building, LiDAR technology is introduced into hydrological analysis and the extraction of hydrological model parameters. And the multi-scale effects of the different DEM data in the drainage network extraction, basin spatial heterogeneity and spatial discretization analysis will be explored. To improve the hydrological model simulation accuracy, the extraction of hydraulic parameters, vegetation parameters, surface cover information and their input method to HSPF will be studied. Based on this, the HSPF hydrology model for the study area will be expand to realize the hydrological effects simulation of the mine exploitation, the input parameter sensitivity of the model and their calibration method should be studied. Then scenario analysis will be used to study the response mechanism of the runoff to LUC
英文关键词: Light detection and ranging;Hydrological model;Land use/land cover change;Hydrological effect;Management of water resources